Bachelor of Dental Surgery(BDS)

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    The prevalence of and factors associated with teenage pregnancies among mothers attending Hoima Regional Referral Hospital
    (Kampala International University, Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, 2018-04) Ajayi, Elizabeth Ifeoluwa
    Introduction: Worldwide, approximately 16 million mothers aged 15-19 years give birth annually; 95% of these births occur in low and middle income countries (WHO, 2016). In Uganda, a slight increase in the number of teenage mothers from 24% in 2011 to 25% in 2016 was observed (UBOS, 2016).Bunyoro region has a high level of teenage pregnancy of 29% (Uganda Population Secretariat, 2013). The prevalence and possible factors associated with teenage pregnancies have not been systematically studied in HRRH Objective: This study is set to determine the prevalence of and possible factors associated with teenage pregnancy among mothers attending HRRH Methodology: this was a cross sectional study where a sample size of 369 teenage mothers seeking care at HRRH over a 3 month period. A consecutive sampling technique with structured questionnaire was used to identify the prevalence of and factors associated with teenage pregnancy among mothers attending HRRH. Uni variate, bi variate and multivariate analyses were done to determine the factors associated with teenage pregnancies. Results: This study has shown that the prevalence of teenage pregnancy is 23% among mothers attending HRRH. The age-risk group for teenage pregnancy was 15-17 age groups. The major factors associated with teenage pregnancy included being unmarried (aOR =4.15; CI= 2.47-6.99; p-value= 0.000), early sexual activity (aOR= 0.10; CI= 0.06-0.19; p-value=0.000) and more than 1 sexual partner (a0R 0.36; CI=0.20-0.66; p-value= 0.000). Conclusion: The study concluded that the prevalence of teenage pregnancy among teenage mothers accessing HRRH is high. Factors associated with teenage pregnancy were un--married status, early sexual activity; however having more than 1 sexual partner was found to be protective. Recommendation: Government, health workers stakeholders, community leaders, teachers and parents have more efforts such as sensitization, monitoring, and counseling, etc. to put an end to adolescent pregnancy in Hoima. A bigger study is recommended in this hospital so as to influence policy makers about this high prevalence
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    Utilization of antenatal care services by women of reproductive age (15-49), at Kiryangdongo District Western Uganda
    (Kampala International University, Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, 2018-04) Achayo, Agnes Okello
    Background: In Kiryandongo district, about 38% of the mothers stay at least 5kms away from an ANC clinic with low access to general health care services. This prompted the researcher to investigate the utilization of ANC services among women staying within Kiryandongo town with the objectives: To determine the level of ANC services utilization among women (15- 49) years whether pregnant or was once pregnant and attended ANC clinic in Kiryandongo district Methods: A cross sectional descriptive and qualitative study was conducted in Kiryandongo town council, Kiryandongo district in western Uganda, between October 2017 and March 2018 The study used a structured self-administered question to interview 390 mothers 15 – 49 years old who attended at least one ANC services in the last years. The mothers were systematically selected. Results: The study enrolled 390 mothers into the interviews, most of who were 25-29 years old (31.5%), the median age for the mothers were 30-34 years, and most were Protestants (28.4%) The study found that 87.6% of the mothers had attended all the ANC services in the last pregnancy, and most of them, 58.2% attended their ANC visit between 1 – 3 months of pregnancy. A chi square test of significance was conducted to determine early attendance of ANC service and the results showed that gravidity was the only significant variable (p value < 0.05) associated with early timing of ANC visits. Multiple response analysis showed that other factors associated to coming early for ANC visit was because they wanted to have a file and history of having a good previous experience in the clinic Conclusions: The study concluded that the utilization of the ANC services in Kiryandongo town was fairly good as most women (15-49) age group attended ANC clinics, however this was well observed in the early pregnancies as opposed to the late pregnancies. Therefore there is still need for mothers to be sensitized more about the goodness of ANC services Recommendations: This study recommends that: 1) the community leaders within should mobilize the local communities especially mothers of reproductive age to utilize the ANC services from a formal health center or hospital. 2) Create awareness of the increased ANC services to women of reproductive age in the Town council. And 3), another study of a similar setting with a larger scope should be undertaken to determine the factors causing late attendance xiv of ANC clinics among women of reproductive age at Kiryandongo Town, and follow up the complication associated to mothers attending less ANC services
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    Dental service utilization by seropositive adults at community health aids initiative clinic in Kampala International University-Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi district
    (Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences, 2018-04) Okach, N. Fred
    This research report presents findings of a hospital based exploratory and cross sectional study on dental service utilization among 131 seropositive adults in Community Health AIDS Initiative Clinic at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi District. The central problem of the study were issues associated with the utilization of dental services by seropositive patients, who suffer a preponderance of oral manifestations, and whose need for oral healthcare may be greater than the general population. The study was concerned that, despite the problem of seropositive patients having more unmet oral needs they continue to face limited access to oral healthcare. The general objective of the study was to find out utilization of dental services by enrolled seropositive adult patients at KIU-TH. Specifically, the study sought to determine the influence of caregivers’ oral health perceptions and cultural beliefs, the impact of socioeconomic factors, and the significance of structural factors in the utilization of oral healthcare; to determine barriers to dental service utilization among this cohort. The study was guided by the health services utilization model. The findings of the study indicate that, seropositive patients have prevailing perceptions and cultural beliefs about oral health which are holistic and woven into the social and cultural fabric of their daily lives and influence the utilization of oral healthcare. Two, the socio-economic circumstances of the seropositive patients such as low income levels and lack of social health insurance have a compounding effect on the low utilization of oral healthcare. Finally, structural factors and characteristics of the healthcare system are significant in selecting an oral health provider. It can, therefore, be concluded that a patient’s decision to utilize oral healthcare is a composite of perceptions and cultural beliefs on oral health and dental illnesses, effect of contextual societal factors, and innate characteristics of the healthcare system. Additionally, the patients perceive the cost of services and access to oral healthcare to be prohibitive and this, coupled with low enrollment with social health insurance, constitutes major barriers to the timely utilization of oral healthcare by adult seropositive patients…