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- ItemDeterminants of savings, private investment and economic growth in Nigeria (1981-2015).(Kampala International University, College of Economics and Management, 2019-11) Bbuba, Muhammad SobaThe Nigerian economy is at crossroads manifested through rising unemployment rates and low GDP growth rates as well as low investment cum savings rates. Hence the study sought to determine the effects of some macroeconomic variables on domestic savings, private investment and the economic growth of Nigeria during the period of 1981-2015. To achieve the stated objectives of the study, domestic savings, private investment and economic growth models were formulated on the basis of functional linear relationships with the identified predictor variables. The fitted multiple linear regression models adopted the ordinary least squares (OLS) techniques of data analysis, and the mix stationarity of the time series data sets of the growth, savings and investment models informed the decision to apply the autoregressive distributed lags (ARDL) methods of data analysis for these models. The study relied on secondary sources of time series data obtained mainly from Central Bank of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics and National Population Commission for the formulated multiple regression models. The outcome of the empirical investigations for the Growth Model evinced that there were direct positive relationships between economic growth and the regressors namely gross domestic savings, foreign direct investment, private domestic investment and human capital. But the results established an inverse relationship between economic growth and population growth rates. Also, the bound tests indicated the existence of a long-run relationship between growth and the predictor variables. Besides, the multiple regression results of the Private Investment Model revealed a strong evidence of statistically significant inverse relationship between private investment and interest rate as well as statistically significant positive relationship between inflation rate and private investment. However, capacity utilization and nominal exchange rate had statistically insignificant positive and negative relationships respectively with private investment. And the bound tests indicated the existence of a long-run relationship between investment and the explanatory variables. Furthermore, for the Savings Model, the results indicated that gross domestic savings had a significantly positive and negative relationship with deposit interest rate and inflation rate respectively. But there was a linear insignificant positive relationship between gross domestic savings and real GDP per capita and population growth rate. Also, the bound tests indicated the existence of a long-run relationship between savings and the independent variables. In essence the study provided a better and broad understanding of the determinants of savings, private investment and economic growth in Nigeria. The study also recommended among others that government should resuscitate the productive base of the economy through appropriate monetary, fiscal and exchange rate policies to improve the economy’s capacity to achieve the desired level of economic growth. Industrial capacity utilization should also be improved to bolster the contribution of the manufacturing sector to the GDP, and also incentives be provided to both domestic and foreign investors by government for the subsistence of firms and businesses and raise the investment/GDP ratio to the level recommended by the World Bank. Also government should encourage rural and semi-urban development of the banking sector for effective savings mobilization and financial intermediation so as to enhance investment opportunities and provide more credit facilities to the economy.
- ItemTechnical efficiency and profitability of chicken production in Kaduna State, Nigeria(Kampala International University, College of Economics & management., 2019-11) Yero, Umar TabariAchieving profitability in production is a great challenge facing chicken producers which is constrained by inefficiency and other challenges facing the chicken production industry. Technical efficiency in chicken was a strategy in mitigating the profitability problem. The study was based on technical efficiency of input on output, profitability, employment of labor in chicken production and optimal productivity of labor employed relative to cost and revenue in chicken production in Kaduna state, Nigeria. A cross sectional survey was adopted using questionnaires, farm records and interview administered on a sample of 166 chicken farmers in Kaduna State, Nigeria. The result revealed that there was profitability in chicken production in the study area, especially in layer production. The result further revealed that the mean of technical efficiencies in chicken production was 64% for pullet production, 73% for layer and 81% for broiler production which means inefficiencies existed in chicken production in the study area. Chicken production was a source of labor employment as revealed by the study. The optimal productivity of employed labor in chicken production differs from other researchers. The Average Total Cost (ATC) and Marginal Cost (MC) in chicken production decline as chicken output increases; the study also reveals that economies of scale existed in chicken production in the study area. MC, MR relationship revealed a profit maximizing position of chicken producers in the study area. The four alternate hypotheses tested for statistical significance in profit/net income between the categories of chicken farms, technical efficiency, employment of labor and optimal productivity of labor employed between the poultry producers were accepted. The study recommends input production within the state so as to improve profitability and reduce cost of inputs, adopt modern chicken production methods for enhanced technical efficiency and layer production should be encouraged due to its capacity of labor employment. Also optimal productivity of labor should be adhered to by the chicken producers in order to minimize cost and maximize profit.
- ItemCredit Management and financial sustainability in micro-finance institutions in central Uganda(Kampala International University, 2015) Ssendagi, MuhamadThe study established the relation ship between credit management and sustainability and microfinance institutional in central Uganda.
- ItemTrade policy and performance of export manufacturing industries in Nigeria(Kampala International University, Directorate of Higher Degrees and Research, 2017-08) Osinusi, Kunle BankoleThis study examines the impact of trade policy and performance of export manufacturing industries in Nigeria. It adopts time series data on a number of policy variables to determine their impacts on the manufacture exports as well as their significance or otherwise in stimulating export in Nigeria. In specific term, it also (a) identify the major determinants of manufacture exports in Nigeria, (b) determine the causal relationship existing between manufacture exports and trade policy (i) Openness, (ii) exchange rate, (iii) average tariff rates and (iv) capacity utilization in Nigeria. (c) determine the effect of trade policies on performance of the manufacturing industries of Nigerian economy pre – structural adjusted programme (SAP) and lastly to determine the effect of trade policies on performance of the manufacturing industries on Nigerian economy post structural adjustment programme (SAP). Empirical analysis of the data from 1970 to 2014 using co-integration analysis, ordinary least square (OLS), Vector autoregressive (VAR) model, unit root tests, cross correlation, Engle Granger co-integration test; Johansen’s test for co integration and granger co-integration test, have produced interesting results. Specifically, all the results have ultimately confirmed that there is, indeed a long-run and significant relationship among manufacture exports, trade openness, exchange rate, average tariff rates and capacity utilization. However, in the short-run, manufacture exports in Nigeria respond to current trade openness, current exchange rate and the first and third lags of itself. Finally, the results show that there is a long run co-integrating relationship between the variables. This implies that in the long run, trade policies have impact on manufactured exports in Nigeria. In conclusion it is also recommended that there is urgent need to diversify the economy away from single commodity oil; given the uncertainties in the world oil market, adopt policies that will ensure greater market access for the country’s manufacture exports as well as boosting their competitiveness at the international market. These could be achieved through the adoption of trade and exchange rate liberalization policies that are devoid of control and regulations and lastly, policy option to moderate import liberalization in order to reap the benefit of a positively related and significant exchange rate variable with manufacture exports within the framework of market determined exchange rate.