The prevalence of tuberculosis in HIV/AIDS patients. a case of Comboni hospital
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Date
2013-07
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Publisher
Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus
Abstract
In this study, the prevalence of Tuberculosis (TB) among HIV/AIDS patients Comboni Mission hospital was investigated. In addition, the comparison between microscopical and radio-logical techniques of TB diagnosis was studied as well as the specimen of most diagnostic value.Out of 86 confirmed Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients examined
microscopically with Ziehl Neelson (ZN) cold staining method for Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) in sputa, were positive for AFB showing a prevalence of 13.8%. the prevalence of TB in AIDS patients with regards to age group and sex distribution showed the highest number of positive cases to be in age group 21-30 yr (5.8%), males made up of 7 (8.1%) and females (5.8%). The radiological technique proved more sensitive with 52 (60%) positive cases than the microscopic technique with only 12 (13.9%). In the study of the most valuable specimen, early morning specimens (Collection samples) were of more diagnosis value than others (collected at the clinic between 9am and 12 noon) and gave the highest positive result of 13.9% while samples
I and III were 10.5% and 9.3% respectively.The high proportion of negative results (86%) obtained from microscopic examination
underscores the need for cultural method and clinical diagnosis to accurately identify and confirm TB in HIV/AIDS patients who are sputum negative but may be co-infected. This work confirms that there is a close link existing between active tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS infection in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. This calls for urgent need to always screen HIV carriers for TB and
recommend preventive therapy to stop latent TB developing into active form as advocated by the
UNAIDS (WHO).
Description
A research dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of bachelor of medicine and
bachelor of surgery at Kampala International University
Keywords
HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis prevalence, Comboni hospital