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School Factors and Right to Primary Education in Jilab Idp Camp, Garowe, Somalia
(2024) Fardowsa Mohamed Khalif
The purpose of this study was to assess school factors influencing the right to primary education for Internally Displaced Persons of primary students in Jilab IDP camp, Garowe, Somalia. This study was guided by the following specific objectives to establish the school curriculum on the right to primary education in Jilab IDP camp, Garowe, Somalia, to determine the effect of environmental factors on the right to primary education in Jilab IDP camp, Garowe, Somalia, to establish how the existence of teacher training facilitate the right to primary education in Jilab IDP camp, Garowe, Somalia, and to evaluate the effect of stakeholders’ participation on the right to primary education in Jilab IDP camp, Garowe, Somalia. The study was based on the capability theory approach (also referred to as the capabilities approach) is a normative approach to human welfare that concentrates on the actual capability of persons to achieve lives they value rather than solely having a right or freedom to do so. The target population included school-going children, parents, teachers local government education leaders, and community leaders; a total of 108 respondents of the targeted 150 provided data for the study, representing an overall response rate of 79.2%, a sufficient response index for data analysis and interpretation of the results. The aspects that were evaluated on school factors, included school structures (safe spaces), learning facilities, school learning resources, and trained teachers, Findings revealed that while the access aspect seemingly had not been significantly affected by the crises, and the integration of the IDPS had facilitated access to education in that students continued to access education, most educators, teachers, deemed the learning resources constrained, this is to be interpreted to imply that quality of education was deemed at the danger of compromise in such setups (integrated setups). Lastly, participation of the stakeholders in the school as an educational input geared at facilitation of access to quality education in IDP integrated setups indeed does highly influence access; findings revealed that stakeholders’ participation in the schools had been active and the areas that registered significant participation were; exposure on sanitation (cleanliness, hygiene, water usage, diseases, etc.), societal Ethics and life, Safety (wellbeing, protection, living), Awareness on environment protection, Life Skills and vocational training, and counseling. This study recommends the deliberate involvement of all stakeholders in the operational priorities for access to education in such crisis setups; these stakeholders are undoubtedly the closest relational proximity to children’s needs and are better placed to voice out needful, relevant educational interventions toward access, quality, and wellbeing of the target beneficiaries.
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Project Monitoring and Management of Agro Pastoral Industries: A Study of Biyoole Project in Hargeisa, Somalia
(2024) Fardawsa Abdikadir Abdi Isse
Monitoring systems allow for project activities to be measured and analyzed. Unfortunately, there is often a gap in the design of monitoring systems; generation of information during the process of Monitoring and use of this information in future designs. The purpose of this study is to establish the impact of Monitoring of Project Management of Biyoole project in Hargeisa Somalia. The study was guided by the following research objectives: To determine the effect of structure of monitoring on the management of Biyoole project in Hargeisa Somalia, to assess the effect of human resource capacity on the management of Biyoole project in Hargeisa Somalia and to examine the effect of data quality on the management of Biyoole project in Hargeisa Somalia. The study used the Logic model and Control Theory. The research design used was a cross-sectional. The study targeted two hundred & sixty (260) respondents. However, from the population of 260 respondents, a sample size of 158 respondents was selected using a formula for determining Sample size by Sloven’s formula. The data collection instrument used was a questionnaire and interview guide with 158 of them sent by the researcher to 158 respondents which received a response rate of 127 respondents. The findings were that, monitoring structure, data quality, and human resource capacity influenced the management of monitoring system in Biyoole project in Hargeisa Somalia as monitoring officers, staffs who had monitoring experience and training, utilized monitoring information adequately and carried out regular data collection from various sources. More so the management of monitoring and evaluation systems was satisfactory given the fact that information was accessible to organizational staff; feedback after measurement of project activities was received and the information needs of staff were met. Therefore, the study recommends that Constitutional Review Support should ensure routine data audit, conduct preliminary assessment of impacts by conducting case studies and combine the use of logical framework with outcome mapping. The study recommends that credibility is also essential to any monitoring system. Valid and reliable data help ensure the credibility of the system. To be credible, monitoring systems need to be able to report all data— both good and bad. If bad news, or information demonstrating failure to meet desired outcomes and targets, is deliberately not reported, the system will not be credible. There is need for data protection.
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African Union Member States Interventions and Promotion of Pan-Africanism: A Study of Uganda
(2024) Eric Musana
The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between African Union member states interventions and promotion of Pan-Africanism in Uganda. The study was guided by three specific objectives that included; (i) To assess the effect of Diplomatic Engagement on promotion of Pan-Africanism in Uganda, (ii) To establish the effect of Economic cooperation on promotion of Pan-Africanism in Uganda, and (iii) To assess the effect of Peacekeeping and Conflict Resolution on promotion of Pan-Africanism in Uganda. This study was guided by Dependency Theory, which was formulated by Raúl Prebisch, an Argentine economist, in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Prebisch, serving as the Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA), developed this theory in response to the economic challenges faced by developing countries, particularly in Latin America. Dependency Theory is pertinent when examining the interventions of African Union member states and their efforts to promote Pan-Africanism. The theory posits that developing nations, including those in Africa, are influenced by external forces and dominant powers (Durand & Milberg, 2019). This study utilizes Dependency Theory to analyze the extent to which interventions are driven by the economic or political interests of external actors and to assess their impact on Pan-African goals. The study was based on correlational research design. The study targeted respondents with varying knowledge on Pan Africanism which included; members of parliament of Uganda, Diplomatic officials in Uganda, political parties’ representatives, Civil Society Representatives, Delegates from African Union Commission (AUC) Liaison Office in Uganda and Delegates from African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) National Secretariat. These were chosen using both simple random and purposing techniques and Slovene’s formula (1932) to determine a sample of 251. The study findings indicated that, the diplomatic engagement is meant to spur States to focus on capacity building and encourage each other to invest in an effort to build strong foundations. The study findings further show that economic cooperation between countries enhances trade and boosts economic growth. In conclusion though, the study concluded that there was a positively significant effect of diplomatic engagement on Promotion of Pan-Africanism in Uganda (r= .461, Pvalue < 0.01) which implied that diplomatic engagement will result into a corresponding good and improved Promotion of Pan-Africanism in Uganda. The study also concluded that there was a positive and moderately significant effect of Economic cooperation on promotion of Pan-Africanism in Uganda (r =.597, P-value < 0.01) which implied that economic cooperation has promoted Pan-Africanism in Uganda which enhances trade and boosts economic growth; and hence bilateral economic agreements promote investment and create job opportunities. And lastly, the study concluded that there was a positive and significant effect of Peacekeeping on Conflict Resolution in Uganda, and this was indicated by the F-value=25.992 and Sig-value=.000, since the sig. value (0.000) was less than 0.05 and which is the maximum level of significance required to declare a significant effect. The study however recommended that a collective need to work to sustain the positive synergies and mutual reinforcement between security, democratic political reforms, and economic growth.
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Beneficiary Communities’ Participation and Project Sustainability: A Study of Mogadishu Afgoye Road Construction Project in Somalia
(2024) Abdirahman Mohamed Abshir
The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between beneficiary communities’ participation and sustainability of Mogadishu-Afgoye road construction project. The objectives of the study were to establish the relationship between beneficiary communities’ participation planning and project sustainability, to find out the relationship between beneficiary communities’ participation implementation and project sustainability and to establish the relationship between beneficiary communities’ participation operation and maintenance and project sustainability of Mogadishu-Afgoye road construction project. The study collected data from a cross section of population within the division because it enabled collection of data in one setting. Also data were collected at one time from a sample selected from a larger population. It employed quantitative approach. The main data collection instruments that was used for the study was self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed to answer all the research questions raised. Data from the field was cleaned, compiled, sorted, edited and coded to have the required quality, accuracy and completeness. Inferential statistics of Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient was used to establish the strength of significance between the study variables. The regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between beneficiary communities’ participation and sustainability. Findings showed that the overall means on the beneficiary communities’ participation planning and project sustainability of Mogadishu-Afgoye road construction project, indicating a high level of satisfaction or agreement among the respondents across all categories. Overall means on beneficiary communities’ participation’ implementation and project sustainability indicating a high level of satisfaction or agreement among the respondents across all categories. The overall means on the beneficiary communities’ participation operation and maintenance was rated 2.54, indicating a high level of satisfaction or agreement among the respondents across all categories and project sustainability of Mogadishu-Afgoye road construction project, indicating a high level of satisfaction. The Mean Square as calculated as 2.216. The F-statistic is 25.538, and the associated p-value is very small (less than .000), indicating that the regression model was statistically significant. The stakeholders involved in the planning phase, including the community members and relevant authorities, have successfully addressed the needs and priorities of the beneficiaries, ensuring that the project aligns with their requirements. The high level of satisfaction or agreement among the beneficiaries regarding the implementation and project sustainability indicates that the project was executed efficiently and effectively. The researcher recommends that the community participation should be improved on the beneficiary communities’ participation in the planning process by establishing mechanisms for their meaningful participation.
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Drug Abuse and Academic Performance among Secondary School Students in Yaqshid District, Somalia
(2024) Dahir Barre Mohamed
This study examined the effects of drug abuse on academic performance among secondary school students in Yaqshid District, Somalia. This study attempted to achieve the following objectives: to determine the effects of Khat (Mira) use on the academic performance of secondary school students in Yaqshid District; to assess the effects of tobacco use on the academic performance of secondary school students in Yaqshid District, and to examine the effects of marijuana use on academic performance of secondary school students in Yaqshid District, Somalia. The study was based on three theories that are the Theory of Planned Behavior, Modified Social Stress Model and the Social Learning Theory. This study applied embedded mixed design which involves the collection and analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data, with one form of data playing a supportive role to the other and it allowed the use of various data collection methods such as observation, questionnaires, guided interview and documentation which were used in collecting the data of this study. The target population for this study was 790 respondents from this is where a sample size of 314 respondents was determined by the Slovene’s formula and this study was respondents. Data analysis was divided into two main sections: quantitative and qualitative. The study findings shows that drug abuse accounted for 61.2% of Students’ academic performance in Yaqshid district and this was indicated by adjusted r squared of 0.612, this implies that drug abuse significantly affect the Students’ academic performance in Yaqshid district, and this is indicated by the F-value = 5.168, and Sig= 0.001. The coefficients table indicated that of all the aspects of drug abuse , Tobacco accounted for the biggest influence of Students’ academic performance in Yaqshid district (β=0.513, Sig=0. 001). The study concluded that among secondary school students in Somalia drug abuse is quite rampant both in the types, quantity and the frequency of use. The drugs and substances mostly abused were identified as Khat. The study further identified the factors which increase the cases of drug abuse among the students as drug and substance abuse history in the family, peer pressure, frustration at home and too much pocket money. Further, it was found out that drug and substance abuse among the students adversely affect their academic and social development. Finally, the study found that several interventions to curb drug and substance abuse at the school level have been adopted in most schools. From the findings and conclusions made the study recommended that all schools should set up guidance and counselling offices facilitated by professionals to counsel students who indulge in drug abuse. This will help take care of the students with emotional needs that they wish to share in confidence but lack the platform to do so and in return end up turning to drug abuse. Principals also should invite specialists often to talk to students on dangers of drug abuse.