KIU Institutional Repository

Research and publications for Kampala International University Community

 

Communities in DSpace

Select a community to browse its collections.

Recent Submissions

Thumbnail Image
Item
Epidemiology and Early Outcomes of Assault Injuries Among Trauma Patients Presenting at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital and Jinja Regional Referral Hospital
(Kampala International University, 2021-11) Daniel Asiimwe
Background: Interpersonal violence is increasingly becoming a global public health concern and in Uganda, intentional injuries constitute 7.3% of the injury burden (Mutto, Lett, Lawoko, Nansamba, & Svanstrom, 2010). Objective: To assess the epidemiology and early outcomes of assault injuries among trauma patients presenting at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital and Jinja Regional Referral Hospital. Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study conducted among of 439 trauma patients presented at KIU-TH and JRRH, 143 patients had assault injuries and 296 nonassault injuries. 140 eligible assault patients were actively followed up to achive study objectives. The ethical clearance number was UG-REC-023/2021-17. Data were obtained from all the participants using a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 27. The analyzed data was then presented in form of frequency tables. Results: Out of 140 eligible assault patients, the head was the most isolated body part injured accounting for 38(27.1%) and it was also part of 68 (48.6%) multiple injuries. The commonest type of injuries were cuts & Soft tissue injuries accounting for 96(68.6%). Based on Kampala Trauma Score II (KTS II), most 62(44.3%) of assaults injuries presenting were mild injuries, 49(35%) were moderate injuries and lastly, 29(20.7%) were severe injuries. The factors significantly associated with assault injuries were male sex (OR=1.67, 95%CI=(1.04-2.67), P-value=0.032), unemployment (OR=1.61, 95%CI=(1.04-2.47), Pvalue= 0.030), and alcohol consumption (OR=1.70, 95%CI=(1.11-2.60), P-value=0.015). Majority 124(88.6%) were still alive by 30 days of the follow-up in the hospitals, and there were 8(5.7%) referrals and 8(5.7%) deaths. The average hospital stay for dead patient was of 2 days, the living one was 3.5 days and it took an average hospital stay of less than a day for an assault patient to be referred. At JRRH the average hospital stay was 3.2 days while at KIU-TH the average hospital stay was 3.5 days. Conclusions: Assault is a significant health problem linked to many negative outcomes such as death and poor physical health. Therefore there is a need to create more job opportunities to reduce unemployment and putting in place policies aimed at regulating the consumption of Alcohol among communities to reduce the burden related to assault injuries Keywords: epidemiology, assault, injury , interpersonal violence
Thumbnail Image
Item
Patterns and factors associated with early adverse postoperative outcomes among emergency groin hernia patients; a multicenter study
(Kampala International University, 2023-03) Mumin Farah Ismail
Groin hernias accounts for 70% of all abdominal hernias and up to 40% of the groin hernia operations are done as emergencies. The percentage of groin hernias operated as emergencies is even higher in low- and middle-income countries like Uganda. Emergency hernia Surgeries have been associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes. There is paucity of data on the patterns of presentation and factors associated with outcomes of emergency groin hernia surgery in Uganda; the reason this study was done. Methods This was a longitudinal observational study conducted in the surgical departments of Hoima Regional Referral Hospital (HRRH) and Jinja Regional Referral Hospital (JRRH). All patients who came with complicated or emergency groin hernia during the period of the study were enrolled if they consented. Follow up was done from admission up to discharge of the patient and adverse outcomes documented. Analysis was done using SPSS version 26. Results During the study period, 67 patients were enrolled. Most of the participants were males 56(83.6%) aged above 45 years 28(41.8%). Irreducible and obstructed hernias accounted for 20(29.9%) each. Eighteen (26.9%) had strangulation alone while 9(13.4%) had both strangulation and obstruction. Twenty (29.9%) of the participants had complications. The commonest complication was surgical site infection 8(11.9%), six cases from strangulated and two cases of obstructed hernias. The mean length of hospital stay was 5.97 (SD=3.289) days. One (1.5%) patient died. The only factor that was independently associated with adverse outcome was gut resection (AOR=10.250, CI=2.970 35.372, P<0.001). Conclusion The commonest patterns were strangulation and obstruction. The rate of adverse outcomes was high at 29.9%, though the mortality was low. The only factor that independently predicted adverse outcome was gut resection. More attention is still needed to reduce the rate of adverse outcomes following emergency hernia surgery with a lot of focus on surgical site infection and patients undergoing gut resection.
Thumbnail Image
Item
Design and Implementation of a Multi-Tank Water Level Control System Using a Programmable Microcontroller
(Kampala International University, 2023-03) Malisaba Joseph
Presently in Uganda especially in the northern parts, water has been so scarce to sustain both domestic and irrigational use. The unnecessary water overflow in tank/reservoir of traditional water control systems is one of the causes of global water scarcity. In this design, a blynk mobile app is used in any places of the world in controlling water over flow from the container/reservoir A system that controls water overflow and control water levels in the tank has been designed that water can be monitored by the Liquid Crystal Display in configuration with the Blynk app, Mi-Fi microcontroller, ultrasonic sensor, relay switch and the Esp8266 Wi-Fi module. The purpose of the relay switch is to turn ON and OFF of the pump. The ultrasonic is installed at the top of the overhead tank for the purpose of determining water levels. The system is programmed by an embedded C programming language that converts human language to machine language. This system can be used in providing water on construction sites, irrigation schemes, and hydro power generation. The prototype system was tested on a 250mm water container and has an average error of 0.9mm in controlling water levels. Three different LEDs i.e Red, Green and Blue were connected onto the container at different water levels of 50, 120 and 200mm respectively and got lightened.
Thumbnail Image
Item
Assessment of Water Purification Systems on Quality of Water Used in Pharmaceutical Production by Selected Companies in Uganda
(Kampala International University, 2023-10) Kabali Moses
Quality of water used in pharmaceutical production is a key determinant of the quality of medicines. The use of substandard water in pharmaceutical production will yield poor quality medicines. The Objective of this study was to assess water purification systems, and quality of water used in pharmaceutical production by selected companies in Uganda. This study considered both conventional and herbal companies. This study was across-sectional, lab-based study. For assessment of water purification systems, BP/USP prescribe selected microbial and physicochemical tests on water samples obtained from the following critical points; point after deionization, point after UV-treatment and at the end-use point. In this study, selected physicochemical and microbial parameters, prescribed by the BP/USP to assess water purification systems were considered. Physio-chemical parameters assessed included; pH, electrical conductivity and temperature. Microbial parameters assessed included; total microbial load and detection for presence of coliforms. For conventional pharmaceutical companies, all the microbial and physicochemical parameters were found to be within the BP/USP prescribed limits. Both, microbial and physicochemical parameters were measured across the three different critical points of the water purification systems; at the deionization point, UV-treatment point and end-use point. With the exception of electrical conductivity (p<0.05), all the microbial and physicochemical parameters were not statistically different across the three water purification points, with P-values > 0.05. No coliforms were detected across the three critical water treatment points. Significant difference in conductivity implied relative contamination of water by ionized substances during transportation to the end use point. However, electrical conductivity was within the acceptable BP/USP prescribed limit of less than 1µS/cm. For herbal companies, with exception of pH, all the physicochemical and microbial parameters were found to be within the prescribed BP/USP limits. No coliforms were detected in the water used by herbal companies. In conclusion, in this study, water used by conventional pharmaceutical companies meets the required BP/USP standards. Water systems used by conventional companies work as required to produce water of required quality. With exception of pH, water used by herbal companies in production meets the required specifications. Some of the herbal and conventional companies have not carried out annual validation of their water purification systems.
Thumbnail Image
Item
Effect of Teachers Welfare on Academic Performance of Students in Public Secondary Schools in Sheema District in Western Uganda
(Kampala International University, 2023-10) Latwifu Kaganda
The purpose of the study was to establish the effect of teachers’ welfare on academic performance of students in public secondary schools in Sheema District. The study was guided by the following objectives; To establish how housing teachers is related to their performance in government aided secondary schools in Sheema District, to find out how providing teachers with meals at school is related to their performance inn government aided secondary schools in Sheema District and to determine how providing teachers with medical care is related to their performance in government aided secondary schools in Sheema District. Across-sectional research design was used for data analysis. The target population was 570 individuals. The total sample size was 235 respondents using Sloven's formula (1960) of sample size determination where purposive and simple random sampling was used. A combination of secondary and primary sources were used to gather data hence a variety of research tools, including questionnaires, interview checklist, and document inspection checklist, were employed to gather the study's data. The research design used was cross sectional and quantative data analyzed to quantify the impact of welfare on teachers' performance, descriptive statistics like frequencies, proportions, means, standard deviations, and Pearson's correlation coefficient were computed, as well as inferential statistics like regression analysis. From the findings, majority 58(79.5%) were in disagreement that schools regularly provide evening tea to teachers, 6(8.2%) were in agreement while 9(12.3%) were undecided. This means that schools do not regularly provide evening tea to teachers. The study concluded that schools do not have enough teachers’ houses to enable regular attendance to all lessons. The study recommended that government should put up strategies, for example, constructing modern houses to ensure that staff accommodation/houses are conducive and adequate; adequate facilities are put in place for teachers satisfactory for improved performance. The research therefore suggested that some further studies be done on other variables since it captured 35.2% so there are other causes of the problem (64.8%).