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Workplace Facilities and Teaching Staff Performance in Private Secondary Schools in Iganga Municipality, Uganda
(2026) Muyanda Banuli
This study examined the influence of workplace facilities on teaching staff performance in selected private secondary schools in Iganga Municipality, Uganda. The study was guided by three objectives; to examine the quality of workplace facilities available to teaching staff, to assess the relationship between workplace facilities and teaching performance and to determine the impact of workplace facilities on the quality of work performed by teaching staff. The study was anchored on Facilities Management Theory and Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory of Motivation. A quantitative correlational survey design was adopted and data were collected from 133 respondents selected through stratified and simple random sampling techniques. Structured questionnaires were used as the main data collection instrument. Data were analyzed using SPSS, employing descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and one-way ANOVA. Descriptive results revealed that key workplace facility indicators such as teacher accommodation (Mean = 12.5), computer access (Mean = 62) and library space (Mean = 72.5) were generally low while other facilities such as sanitation (Mean = 272.3), lighting (Mean = 238), and water access (Mean = 171.6) showed relatively better provision. Pearson correlation analysis indicated a positive but weak and statistically non-significant relationship between overall workplace facilities and teaching performance (r = .057, p = .867) and similarly weak correlations for individual indicators (r = .254, p = .451). However, one-way ANOVA results revealed a statistically significant difference in teaching staff performance across schools grouped by facility quality (F(2, 8) = 62.40, p < .001), indicating that schools with higher-quality facilities recorded better teacher performance outcomes. The study concludes that although individual workplace facilities may not directly predict teaching performance, their collective condition significantly influences teaching quality across different school contexts. It recommends that school administrators and policymakers prioritize investment in infrastructure, particularly housing, lighting, and instructional resources, to create equitable and supportive working environments that enhance teacher productivity and educational effectiveness.
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Integration of Information Communication Technology and Perception of Learning Among Students in Private Secondary Schools in Mpigi Town Council, Mpigi District, Uganda
(2026) Magona Godfrey
The study investigated the relationship between integration of information communication and technology (ICT) and perception of learning among secondary school students in private schools in Mpigi town council. The study was intended to address the learning problem in the secondary schools despite the presence of ICT in learning. A Cross sectional research design and mixed methods approach was utilized in the study, involving a sample of 193 respondents selected through purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Data collection instruments were questionnaire and interview guide. Quantitative data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics embedded in IBM-SPSS version 22 while qualitative data was analyzed thematically. From the results obtained. Results showed significant positive correlations between ICT integration in administration (r (166) =.58, p=0.000), teaching practices (r (166) =.58, p=0.000), E-learning initiatives (r (166) =.64, p=.000) and perception of learning among students. The researcher concluded that ICT integration had a statistically positive significant relationship on perception of learning among private secondary school students. The study implied that ICT integration enhanced students learning achievements, informed education policy and decision making and how schools could prioritize ICT infrastructure and internet connectivity. The study recommended that school administrators needed to use ICT tools in the process of administering and managing the schools in their areas. The study recommended that ICT equipment needed to be deployed in schools aimed at enhancing the school teaching and e-learning systems with appropriate deployment and purchase of internet that could serve to connect and facilitate teachers and students to e-learning.
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Assessment of Water Quality and Selected Heavy Metals in Water, Sediments, and Yams at Masese Landing Site, Lake Victoria, Uganda
(2026) Asaba Byaruhanga
This study assessed water quality and contamination focusing on, microbial contamination, heavy metals in water, sediments, locally grown yams at Masese Landing Site on Lake Victoria in Jinja City, Uganda. 60 water and 60 sediment samples were collected from five sites, together with 10 yam samples obtained from two farms, following standard field and laboratory procedures. Physicochemical parameters analyzed were temperature, pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), while microbial contamination was determined using E. coli and total coliform counts. Heavy metals (Pb, As, Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Fe) were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and Membrane Immediate agar (MI agar) was used for microbial analysis. The results showed that temperature (19.2–20.0°C), pH (7.98–8.22), TDS (411–541 mg/L), EC (767–809 µS/cm), and BOD₅ (0.14–0.16 ppm) were within World Health Organization (WHO) permissible limits (18–24°C, 6.5–8.5, <1000 mg/L, <1500 µS/cm, and ≤5 ppm), indicating minimal risk; however, turbidity ranged from 3.7 to 10.9 NTU, exceeding 5 NTU for WHO. Microbial analysis revealed E. coli counts of 85–195 CFU/100 ml and Total coliforms of 116–226 CFU/100 ml, far above the WHO permissible limit of 0 CFU/100 ml. Heavy metal concentrations in water (mg/L) were Pb (0.353–1.621), Cd (0.109–0.329), Ni (0.089–0.324), Mn (0.086–1.863), and Fe (1.140–12.946), while in sediments (mg/kg dry weight) they were Pb (0.619–1.139), Cd (0.091–0.313), Ni (0.033–0.177), Mn (0.022–1.257), and Fe (3.010–9.306), all exceeding WHO safe limits (Pb ≤0.01, Cd ≤0.01, Ni ≤0.07, Mn ≤0.4, Fe ≤0.3 mg/L). Higher concentrations in sediments confirmed their role as potential secondary contamination sources. Heavy metals were also detected in yam tubers, stems, and leaves, respectively; Pb (3.39, 3.51, 3.56), As (1.80, 1.67, 1.03), and Cd (4.36, 4.40, 3.94) with greater accumulation in leaves than in stems and tubers, indicating bioaccumulation potential and a pathway for human exposure. Health risk assessment using hazard quotient (HQ) indicated values greater than 1 for Pb, As, and Cd, particularly among children, suggesting potential neurotoxic and chronic health effects. Diurnal variations observed in selected parameters and metal concentrations further reflected the influence of environmental conditions and human activities. Overall, although water quality parameters were largely within acceptable limits, the presence of high microbial loads and elevated heavy metal concentrations indicating human health and the ecosystem risks. The study therefore recommends strengthening sanitation practices, routine water quality monitoring and implementation of effective control pollution strategies in the area.
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The Effects of Climate Variability on The Livelihood of Pastoral Communities in Qardho District, Somalia
(2025) Mohamed Musse Farah
This study examined the effects of climate variability on the livelihood of pastoral communities in Qardho district, Somalia. The study used mixed methods. Questionnaires were administered to 192 participants using stratified random sampling. Nine key informant interviews were conducted using purposive sampling. The study analyzed the data using descriptive statistics and regression analysis via SPSS, version 20. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to determine whether a significant effect exists between the independent variables and the dependent variables. The findings revealed that 74% of respondents indicated higher livestock mortality rates due to drought. The Regression Analysis (R² = 0.388) suggested that approximately 38.8% of the variance in livelihoods can be explained by drought. In addition, 71% of respondents agreed that the groundwater levels have significantly decreased. The Regression Analysis (R² = 0.609) indicated that about 60.9% of the variance in livelihoods is attributable to water scarcity. Also, the study findings revealed that 72% of respondents agreed that e mobility and transhumance are essential strategies for their livelihoods. It also shows that the Regression Analysis R² value of 0.369 shows that approximately 36.9% of the variance in livelihoods can be explained by the coping mechanisms employed. In conclusion, the climate variability, particularly drought and water scarcity have a profound impact on the livelihoods of pastoral communities. Water scarcity was a critical issue that complicated tensions and exhibited resilience through various adaptive strategies. The study recommended the implementation of sustainable grazing practices, investing ininfrastructure for water conservation, and sharing of traditional knowledge and adaptive strategies among pastoralists.
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Effects of Volcanic Activities on The Quality of Domestic Water and Sediments in Goma Town, Democratic Republic of Congo
(2025) Shadrack Muhabura Chaziga
The town of Goma, located in the Democratic Republic of Congo near the active volcanoes Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira, faces serious threats to its water quality due to volcanic emissions, ashfall, acid rain, anthropogenic activities and the weak hydraulic infrastructure. This study evaluated the physicochemical parameters (pH, temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, TDS, TSS, TH, DO), selected heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn), associated health risks, and pollution sources in domestic water, and rainwater of Goma Town. Measurements of physical chemical parameters were made using an AZ 86021 multimeter; while the heavy metals were quantified with a Zeeman Agilent 280Z AA GFAAS furnace. Risks to human health were assessed using the USEPA IRIS model, principal component analyses and hierarchical cluster analyses identified pollution sources. Results revealed alkaline conditions in shore and boreholes samples of water (pH up to 8.6), while rainwater was found to be highly acidic (pH as low as 5.2), highlighting the strong influence of volcanic emissions and acid deposition. Turbidity (ranged from 1.20 to 5.40 NTU) exceeding the WHO limit (<1 NTU) at several sites. Significant contamination by heavy metals was observed, especially forAs (1.471 mg/L), Cd (0.904 mg/L), and Pb (1.301 mg/L), as compared to the limits set by the USEPA (0.05, 0.005 and 0.05mg/Lrespectively). The sediments contained high concentrations of Zn (412 mg/kg) and Mn (268 mg/kg), indicating long-term deposition, as compared to the minimum limits set by USEPA (121 mg/kg for Zinc and 460mg/kg for Mn). The risk assessment indicated hazard quotients greater than 1 for As, Cd, and Pb, which were higher than minimum limits of the USEPA (1). The carcinogenic risk of As (1.9) surpassed the thresholds of the USEPA (<1). The PCA and HCA distinguished geogenic sources (Ni, Cr, Mn) from anthropogenic contributions (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu).Multivariate analyses distinctly separated geogenic volcanic inputs (Ni, Cr, Mn) from anthropogenic pollution (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu), emphasizing that water contamination arises from both natural and human sources. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted management strategies, systematic monitoring, and improved treatment technologies to ensure safe domestic water in Goma and stronger regulatory frameworks to protect public health.