KIU Institutional Repository

Research and publications for the Kampala International University Community

 

Recent Submissions

Item
How to Get Away With Murder: Bentham's and Mill's Utilitarianism Jurisprudence
(SuiGeneris Publishing House, 2024) Lubogo, Christopher Isaac
"Navigating the Abyss of Utilitarian Ethics: An In-Depth Examination of 'How to Get Away with Murder: Bentham's and Mill's Utilitarianism Jurisprudence' by Isaac Christopher Lubogo" Isaac Christopher Lubogo's magnum opus, "How to Get Away with Murder: Bentham's and Mill's Utilitarianism Jurisprudence," unfurls an intellectual odyssey that propels us into the heart of a philosophical maelstrom. In this profound exploration, Lubogo beckons the reader to embark on a philosophical pilgrimage through the tumultuous seas of utilitarian ethics, anchored in the notorious Mignonette case, transcending temporal boundaries to scrutinize the very fabric of human morality. The book initiates its journey with a meticulous unveiling of the seminal utilitarian philosophies of Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. Lubogo's eloquent exposition unveils the intricate tapestry woven by these philosophical giants, laying bare the essence of their respective doctrines. This elucidation serves as an indispensable compass, guiding the reader into the labyrinthine depths of utilitarianism, where moral compasses are calibrated to maximize happiness and minimize suffering. The apotheosis of Lubogo's voyage is the examination of the Mignonette case—a catastrophic maritime calamity that tests the bounds of human morality. The survivors, faced with the excruciating decision of resorting to cannibalism for survival, become unwitting avatars of Bentham's and Mill's utilitarian principles. Lubogo, with meticulous erudition, deconstructs the moral calculus of the shipwrecked souls, invoking a profound moral and ethical reckoning for his readers. Herein lies Lubogo's quintessential brilliance: he refrains from being a didactic arbiter of morality but instead beckons the reader to partake in the dialectical dance between Benthamite and Millian utilitarianism. The reader, like a solitary Prometheus unbound, is left to grapple with the profound ethical conundrum presented by the Mignonette case. Lubogo orchestrates a symphony of moral ambivalence, challenging readers to introspectively navigate the labyrinthine corridors of their own moral landscapes. Yet, amidst this philosophical voyage, the book remains a beacon of clarity. Lubogo's prose, poetic and profound, is a salient testament to his command over complex philosophical concepts. He conjures a literary alchemy that transmutes intricate philosophical discourse into the reader's intellectual treasury, rendering even the most enigmatic of ideas accessible. Nonetheless, Lubogo's opus is not without its limitations. Readers desiring a more exhaustive exploration of the contemporary ramifications of utilitarian ethics in jurisprudence may find themselves yearning for a more expansive discourse. Furthermore, a broader examination of alternative ethical frameworks and their interplay with utilitarianism could have further enriched the narrative. In summation, "How to Get Away with Murder: Bentham's and Mill's Utilitarianism Jurisprudence" by Isaac Christopher Lubogo is nothing short of a philosophical odyssey. It beckons readers to grapple with the profound dilemmas of human morality, utilizing the Mignonette case as its ethical crucible. Lubogo's eloquent and profound discourse challenges us to traverse the labyrinthine corridors of utilitarian ethics, offering us glimpses into the very essence of our moral compasses. This is a book not merely to be read but to be absorbed, contemplated, and woven into the very fabric of one's intellectual journey—a beacon in the tempest of philosophical discourse.
Item
Comparative Evaluation of Glibenclamide and Insulin on the Pups’ Liver Cytoarchitectonic Properties and Some Dams’ Parameters in Pregnant Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
(Kampala International University, 2018) Lawal, Sodiq Kolawole; Adeniji, Adeoluwa Akeem; Sangoyomi, Oluwaseun Adewoye; Adeyemo, Rasheed Omotayo; Buhari, Muhammad Olanrewaju; Sulaiman, Sheu Oluwadare; Osinubi, Abraham Adewale
Despite the significant achievements in the treatment modalities and preventive measures, the prevalence of gestational diabetes in Africa has continued to rise exponentially in the last few decades. There is growing concern on the use of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) during pregnancy, due to the potential of the agents in causing adverse effect (s) on the developing fetus and its effectiveness in managing the gestational diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to investigate the action of glibenclamide compared with insulin on pups’ liver cytoarchitectonic property and oxidative stress markers, and on maternal glucose level and sexual hormonal profile. Twenty pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats (120-160 g) divided into 4 groups A, B, C and D (n=5 per group) were used for the study. Rats in group A (control) were given 0.5ml distilled water daily while the rats in groups B, C, and D were rendered diabetic by administration of intraperitoneal low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) and subsequently treated with 0.5mls of distilled water, glibenclamide (0.29 mg/kg body weight) and insulin (1 UI daily) respectively. Blood glucose levels were monitored and recorded throughout the experiment. The rats were sacrificed on the 19th day of gestational period. The pups’ liver and maternal blood sample were collected for analysis. The glibenclamide and insulin groups showed significant (p<0.05) decreased in blood glucose with an increased maternal body weight when compared to the diabetic group. The activities of GSH, SOD and CAT were significantly increased (p<0.05) in the glibenclamide and insulin treated groups compared to the diabetic group. Also, MDA significantly reduced in the glibenclamide and insulin treated groups (C & D) when compared to the diabetic untreated group (B) with the greater reduction observed for insulin. There was an improvement in the hormonal profiles of glibenclamide and insulin treated groups compared with the diabetic group. Histologically, glibenclamide and insulin showed an improvement in the arrangement of cytoarchitectonic property of pups’ liver with mild steatosis compared with diabetic group. Based on our observations in this study, it was concluded that glibenclamide is as effective as insulin with no or little negative effect and could be an optional drug to be used in the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus in place of insulin.
Item
Carpolobia lutea methanol root extract reinstates androgenesis and testicular function in cadmiumchallenged rats
(Kampala International University, 2019) Ejike, Daniel Eze; Okpa, Precious Nwaka; Igbokwe, Ugochukwu Vincent; Moses, Dele Adams; Karimah, Mohammed Rabiu; Ayikobua, Emmanuel Tiyo
Cadmium produces a wide range of biological dysfunctions in human and laboratory animals where it chiefly affects the testes, whereas, Carpolobia lutea has been known to have antioxidant benefits. This study was intended to investigate the effects of Carpolobia lutea root extracts on testicular hormone function in cadmium-challenged male rats. 48 male Wistar rats (170-190 g) were divided into six groups, each containing eight rats. Experimental animals in control (Group 1) were given 0.2ml/kg body weight (BW) of 10% tween 80; Group two were administered 1mg/kg BW of cadmium (i.p); Group 3 were given 1mg/kg BW of cadmium (i.p) + 100mg/kg BW extract; Group four took 1mg/kg BW of cadmium (i.p) + 200mg/kg BW extract while Group five and six got 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg BW extract respectively. The administration of vehicle and extract was conducted orally for six weeks. Testicular activity of 17 betahydrosteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) and serum testosterone, luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormone (LH, FSH) levels were evaluated. Findings indicated that cadmium statistically (p<0.05) lowered testicular 17β-HSD activity and serum testosterone, LH and FSH levels when compared with those of the control group animals. However, Carpolobia lutea and its co-administration notably (p<0.05) elevated the activity of testicular 17β-HSD and levels of serum testosterone, LH and FSH. The study suggests that Carpolobia lutea extract plays a protective function in ameliorating testicular damage caused by cadmium in rats. This is probably due to the extract’s potential in the management of testicular dysfunction and fecundity in animals.
Item
The role of minimally invasive surgery in gallbladder carcinoma
(Obeagu and Obeagu, 2023) Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi; Obeagu, Getrude Uzoma
Gallbladder carcinoma is a malignant tumor that originates from the cells lining the gallbladder. It is a relatively rare form of cancer but is associated with a poor prognosis due to its aggressive nature and late-stage diagnosis. The incidence of gallbladder carcinoma varies geographically. Minimally invasive surgery, also known as minimally invasive techniques or laparoscopic surgery, is a modern surgical approach that aims to achieve therapeutic goals while minimizing surgical trauma and invasiveness. It involves utilizing specialized instruments and advanced technologies to perform surgical procedures through small incisions or natural body openings.
Item
The roles of free radicals in the red blood cell damage in chronic kidney diseases:
(International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research, 2022-10-25) Oladoyin, Hellen Oloro; Obeagu, Emmanuel Ifeanyi
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common in older people. However, while young her CKD patients usually experience a progressive loss of renal function, his 30% of his CKD patients aged 65 years and older have stable disease. Red blood cells are constantly exposed to high concentrations of oxygen that promote the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Within 24 hours, 3% of haemoglobin is oxidized to form superoxide radicals. Studies have shown that haemoglobin itself is a catalyst for free radical reactions, and redox balance is maintained by the presence of antioxidant enzymes and low molecular weight reducing agents. Kidney tubular cells are rich in mitochondria. This is because reabsorption of solutes requires energy, making kidney cells particularly susceptible to oxidative stress and damage. In addition, free radicals and preoxidants produced during acute kidney injury (AKI) and CKD can exacerbate the damage. It may also play a role in the development of severe complications in distant organs commonly seen in AKI and CKD. B. Cardiovascular disease and neurological complications. Several studies have shown that plasma markers of oxidative stress are elevated in CKD patients, indicating increased systemic oxidative stress. Biomarkers for this disease are found in blood, serum, urine, and saliva, and the use of these fluids in clinical practice can help monitor disease