Browsing by Author "Eniru, Emmanuel Innocent"

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    Assessment of the efficiency of solid waste management systems in eastern division, Soroti Municipality
    (Kampala International University, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2009-09) Eniru, Emmanuel Innocent
    Solid wastes are materials that have been discarded from the material flow pattern because they lack value to the owner. Solid waste management systems are a group of related, proved and effective tools that work together as a whole to reduce the volume of solid wastes from the generation points, storage, collection, treatment, recycling or reusing and disposing off the remaining waste material in an effort to reduce their effect on human health or local aesthetics and amenity. The study was conducted in Eastern Division, Soroti municipality, Eastern Uganda to assess the efficiency of solid waste management systems. The objectives of the study were to identify the collection and disposal systems of solid waste management, to find out the efficiency of these systems, to explore the challenges associated with these systems and establishing the measures put in place to ensure efficient solid waste management. This was achieved by using purposive and simple random sampling to select the population. The data was collected using both open and closed ended questionnaires, interview guides, observation and photography for obtaining primary data while secondary data was obtained from reviewing of literature. The findings of the study indicated that the most common ways of collecting solid wastes being used include vehicles, wheel barrows, bicycles, old jerrycans and used containers, sisal sacks and polythene. The disposal methods being used include open dumping, burning or burying, litter bins, rubbish pits, sanitary landfills, others are cremation, latrine dumping, incineration, pig or animal feeding. However, the results indicated that these methods were inefficient and this was attributed to indiscriminate and ignorant disposal, lack of awareness, mixing of bio degradable and non biodegradable wastes, inadequate equipments, pollution, inadequate funds hence delayed payment of workers, low frequency of waste collection for disposal, weak laws and regulations. With this, I concluded that the existing solid waste collection and disposal methods were inefficient in this area in relation to the high population growth rates hence I suggested the following recommendations; More incentives for solid waste collection and disposal such as timely payment of employees, timely collection and disposal, modern machinery for handling complicated wastes. Great emphasis on community participation, monitoring and surveillance, increased allocation of funds towards environment management by the Local government, environment education programs for creating further awareness, strict laws and policies.
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    Performance of Biomass Briquettes as an Alternative Energy Source Compared to Wood Charcoal in Uganda
    (IJSES, 2017) Mahoro, Gloria Brenda; Eniru, Emmanuel Innocent; Omuna, Daniel; Abdu, Yusuf Abdulfatah
    The environmental, financial and social questions, as well as the rapid increase in demand for energy fuels, emphasize the need to investigate and generate information on the performance of charcoal compared to briquettes as an alternative source of renewables in Kampala district. The study objective was to compare the performance of biomass briquettes as an alternative energy source to wood charcoal. The performance was measured using a modified water boiling test and a controlled cooking test. Data collected were analyzed using chi-square tests and cross tabulations on households’ socio-economic factors that promoted the popularity and use of briquettes or wood charcoal. Results from the modified water boiling test showed that the weight of wood charcoal, carbonized and non-carbonized briquettes consumed in boiling two litres of water is significantly different. From the controlled cooking test, the weight of charcoal used to cook dry beans is significantly higher than that of briquettes used to cook the same amount of beans. It was recommended that wood charcoal and briquettes perform similarly when used over short periods of time, but briquettes perform better over much longer periods.
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    Performance of Biomass Briquettes as an Alternative Energy Source Compared to Wood Charcoal in Uganda
    (International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Science, 2017) Mahoro, Gloria Brenda; Omuna, Daniel; Eniru, Emmanuel Innocent
    The environmental, financial and social questions, as well as the rapid increase in demand for energy fuels, emphasize the need to investigate and generate information on the performance of charcoal compared to briquettes as an alternative source of renewables in Kampala district. The study objective was to compare the performance of biomass briquettes as an alternative energy source to wood charcoal. The performance was measured using a modified water boiling test and a controlled cooking test. Data collected were analyzed using chi-square tests and cross tabulations on households’ socio-economic factors that promoted the popularity and use of briquettes or wood charcoal. Results from the modified water boiling test showed that the weight of wood charcoal, carbonized and non-carbonized briquettes consumed in boiling two litres of water is significantly different. From the controlled cooking test, the weight of charcoal used to cook dry beans is significantly higher than that of briquettes used to cook the same amount of beans. It was recommended that wood charcoal and briquettes perform similarly when used over short periods of time, but briquettes perform better over much longer periods.