Browsing by Author "Mengnemo, Humphrey"

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    Comparative pharmacopoeial analysis of three brands of Lidocaine 2°/O injection available in Uganda pharmacies
    (Kampala International University; School of Health Sciences, 2016-06) Mengnemo, Humphrey
    Background: Lidocaine, is an important anesthetic and anti-arrhythmic drug, widely used in medicine, at the same time a danger. The impurity 2, 6-xylidine is the starting material for its manufacture, degradation product of Lidocaine on storage and metabolite when administered. This study seeks to identify 3 brands of lidocaine in Uganda Pharmacies, assess level of impurity and drug content by a comparative pharmacopoeial chemical analysis. Aim: To do a comparative pharmacopoeial analysis of the selected brands of Lidocaine 2% injection in the volumes of 20ml that are within the shelf life of the drug and must be on the NDA approved list of Drugs in Uganda. Methods: Sample of each brand of Lidocaine was reacted and with 2ml of 10% cobalt II Chloride to form a greenish blue precipitate. Secondly, the melting point of a salt formed with picric acid was determine by capillary method. The colour intensity produced when samples reacted with 1% Pdimethyl amino benzaldehyde was compared with the standard 400pp 2, 6-DMA solution in 10 mi. A non-aqueous titration was performed with 5ml extract of each sample using crystal violet as indicator and 0.02M perchloric acid as titrant. Each ml of 0.02M HCL04 = 5.776mg of Lidocaine (BP, 2009). Results: All brands were identified to be lidocaine, with levels of2, 6-Dimethyl aniline less than 400ppm and drug concentration within the range 95 to 105% (BP, 2009). Conclusion: All brands of lidocaine complied with the pharmacopoeial standards.