Browsing by Author "Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu"

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    Advancements in Immune Augmentation Strategies for HIV Patients
    (IAA Journal of Biological Sciences, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Esther Ugo Alum; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu
    The management of HIV has witnessed a transformative shift owing to innovative approaches aimed at bolstering immune status in affected individuals. The landscape of HIV treatment has undergone a profound transformation with the emergence of innovative approaches dedicated to fortifying the immune status of individuals living with the virus. This abstract provides a succinct yet comprehensive overview of groundbreaking strategies aimed at augmenting immune health in HIV patients. Encompassing advancements in immunotherapy, personalized medicine, lifestyle modifications, and telemedicine, this overview highlights the promising trajectory and potential impact of these novel interventions in the realm of HIV care. By exploring the multifaceted dimensions of immune enhancement strategies, this abstract sets the stage for a deeper understanding of these innovative approaches and their pivotal role in shaping the future of HIV management
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    Anaemia and Risk Factors In Lactating Mothers: A Concern In Africa
    (International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Yakubu Sunday Bot; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Esther U. Alum; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu
    Anaemia is the most common nutritional deficiency indicator and health status in the world affecting about one third of the global population. Taking iron supplement during pregnancy is associated with reduction in anaemia among lactating mothers. The risk of anaemia in lactating mothers reduces with intake of iron supplement during pregnancy. Based on the study findings the researcher recommends the following. All lactating mothers should be encouraged by health team, starting with Village Health Team (VHTs) up to the facility level for regular haemoglobin checkup. Massive nutritional education should always be carried out on every antenatal and postnatal visit.
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    Anemia as a Prognostic Marker for Disease Progression in HIV Infection
    (IAA Journal of Biological Sciences, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Esther Ugo Alum; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu
    Anemia, a prevalent hematologic manifestation in individuals living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, has garnered considerable attention as a prognostic indicator for disease progression and adverse clinical outcomes. This abstract presents a comprehensive review elucidating the intricate relationship between anemia and the progression of HIV infection, incorporating epidemiological trends, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical implications, and prognostic significance. Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), anemia remains a frequent complication in HIV infected individuals, posing substantial challenges to patient management. This paper aims to provide a nuanced understanding of anemia's role as a prognostic marker, surpassing its conventional characterization as a hematologic abnormality in the context of HIV infection. Anemia's role as a predictive marker for adverse clinical outcomes in HIV patients is explored, encompassing increased mortality rates, heightened risk of opportunistic infections, accelerated disease progression, and compromised quality of life. The review delves into its prognostic significance, shaping therapeutic decisions and prognostic assessments. This paper encapsulates the criticality of anemia as a prognostic marker for disease progression in HIV infection. Understanding its epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical implications, and prognostic significance is pivotal for informed clinical decision-making, prognostic assessments, and optimizing care paradigms in HIV management.
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    Anemia as a Prognostic Marker for Disease Progression in HIV Infection
    (Journal of Biological Sciences, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Esther Ugo Alum; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu
    Anemia, a prevalent hematologic manifestation in individuals living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, has garnered considerable attention as a prognostic indicator for disease progression and adverse clinical outcomes. This abstract presents a comprehensive review elucidating the intricate relationship between anemia and the progression of HIV infection, incorporating epidemiological trends, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical implications, and prognostic significance. Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), anemia remains a frequent complication in HIV infected individuals, posing substantial challenges to patient management. This paper aims to provide a nuanced understanding of anemia's role as a prognostic marker, surpassing its conventional characterization as a hematologic abnormality in the context of HIV infection. Anemia's role as a predictive marker for adverse clinical outcomes in HIV patients is explored, encompassing increased mortality rates, heightened risk of opportunistic infections, accelerated disease progression, and compromised quality of life. The review delves into its prognostic significance, shaping therapeutic decisions and prognostic assessments. This paper encapsulates the criticality of anemia as a prognostic marker for disease progression in HIV infection. Understanding its epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical implications, and prognostic significance is pivotal for informed clinical decision-making, prognostic assessments, and optimizing care paradigms in HIV management.
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    Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia :A Review
    (Eurasian Experiment Journal of Public Health, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; U. Alum Esther; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu
    Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. The symptoms of BPH are mostly lower urinary tract symptoms and these include waking up to urinate at night, urgency, frequency, incontinence of urine and inability to empty the bladder completely and weak urine stream. Nocturia in particular has been found to have negative effect on quality of sleep, energy or vitality. Men realizes they have prostate enlargement when they start experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms. Several new biomarkers for individuals with raised PSA concentrations or those diagnosed with prostate cancer are likely to identify individuals who can be spared aggressive treatment.
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    Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Review
    (EURASIAN EXPERIMENT JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Esther U. Alum; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu
    Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. The symptoms of BPH are mostly lower urinary tract symptoms and these include waking up to urinate at night, urgency, frequency, incontinence of urine and inability to empty the bladder completely and weak urine stream. Nocturia in particular has been found to have negative effect on quality of sleep, energy or vitality. Men realizes they have prostate enlargement when they start experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms. Several new biomarkers for individuals with raised PSA concentrations or those diagnosed with prostate cancer are likely to identify individuals who can be spared aggressive treatment.
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    Combatting Stigma: Essential Steps in Halting HIV Spread
    (Journal of Applied Sciences, 2024) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Edward Odogbu Odo; Matthew Chibunna Igwe; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu; Esther U. Alum; Puche Racheal Okwaja
    Stigma remains a formidable obstacle in the global fight against HIV/AIDS, impeding effective prevention, testing, and treatment initiatives. This review article aims to delve into the pivotal role of combatting stigma as a fundamental strategy in mitigating the spread of HIV. By examining the multifaceted nature of stigma and elucidating essential steps to counteract it, this article underscores the urgency and significance of destigmatization efforts in achieving optimal public health outcomes. The review explores various forms of stigma associated with HIV/AIDS, delineates their impact on prevention and treatment, and proposes critical measures such as education, community engagement, policy interventions, healthcare provider training, and media advocacy. Emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach, this review underscores the necessity of collaborative efforts to foster a stigma-free environment, ultimately contributing to the cessation of HIV transmission and improved health outcomes for affected populations.
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    Disaster Fallout: Impact of Natural Calamities on HIV Control
    (IAA Journal of Applied Sciences, 2024) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Edward Odogbu Odo; Matthew Chibunna Igwe; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu; Esther U. Alum; Puche Racheal Okwaja
    Natural calamities possess a profound and multifaceted impact on HIV control, posing significant challenges to the infrastructure and initiatives aimed at managing the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This review scrutinizes the intricate dynamics between natural disasters and HIV control efforts, elucidating the disruptions these calamities create within prevention, treatment, and care programs. The repercussions extend from compromised healthcare services, heightened vulnerability among affected populations, to the impeded execution of preventive measures. Understanding the interplay between disasters and HIV control is pivotal for devising adaptive strategies capable of sustaining effective interventions during and in the aftermath of catastrophic events. This review amalgamates insights from existing literature, delving into the complexities and proposing mitigation strategies to fortify HIV control in disaster-prone regions.
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    Hematologic Support in HIV Patients: Blood Transfusion Strategies and Immunological Considerations
    (Newport International Journal of Biological and Applied Sciences (NIJBAS), 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Joseph Obiezu; Chukwujekwu Ezeonwumelu; Frances Ugonne Ogunnaya; Anthonia Onyinye Ngwoke; Obioma Raluchukwu Emeka-Obi; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu
    HIV infection presents multifaceted challenges, particularly in managing hematologic complications that significantly impact patient well-being and prognosis. Hematologic manifestations such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, and coagulopathies are prevalent in individuals living with HIV, necessitating meticulous attention and specialized care. Among the array of interventions, blood transfusions play a pivotal role in addressing these hematologic complications. However, the complexities surrounding blood transfusion strategies in the context of HIV extend beyond mere hematologic support and delve into intricate immunological considerations. This paper aims to elucidate the nuanced landscape of hematologic support in HIV patients, focusing specifically on blood transfusion strategies and their immunological implications. The review encompasses an in-depth analysis of hematologic abnormalities commonly encountered in HIV, exploring the prevalence, etiology, and clinical impact of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and coagulopathies. Additionally, it examines the indications, safety measures, and challenges associated with blood transfusion therapy in this population. Furthermore, the paper delineates the intricate interplay between blood transfusions and the immunological milieu of HIV-infected individuals. It explores the immunomodulatory effects of transfusions, potential immune activation, and the impact on disease progression, while also addressing concerns regarding all immunization and the modulation of immune responses post transfusion. By synthesizing current evidence and insights, this paper delineates the clinical outcomes, challenges, and controversies surrounding blood transfusion strategies in HIV care. It underscores the need for optimized transfusion practices tailored to the unique immunological landscape of HIV patients and highlights avenues for future research and advancements in clinical practice. In conclusion, this paper serves as a comprehensive resource elucidating hematologic support through blood transfusion strategies in HIV patients, providing a foundation for informed decision-making and paving the way for enhanced care paradigms in the management of hematologic complications in HIV.
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    The Role of Antioxidants in Improving Pregnancy Outcomes
    (Journal of Applied Sciences, 2024) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu; Esther U. Alum; Jean Bosco Habimana
    Pregnancy is a physiologically demanding phase marked by profound changes that elevate oxidative stress levels, posing potential risks to maternal and fetal health. Oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defense mechanisms, has been implicated in various pregnancy complications. Antioxidants, renowned for their ability to counteract ROS and mitigate cellular damage, have emerged as a potential intervention to ameliorate adverse outcomes during pregnancy. The paper highlights the physiological changes in pregnancy that contribute to heightened oxidative stress, emphasizing the link between oxidative stress and complications such as pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction. This paper emphasizes the imperative for robust, well-designed clinical trials to elucidate the optimal timing, dosages, and formulations of antioxidants in pregnancy. It calls for a comprehensive approach to establish clear guidelines and recommendations for antioxidant supplementation. In conclusion, this review underscores the potential of antioxidants as a promising intervention to mitigate oxidative stress-related pregnancy complications. However, the inconclusive nature of current evidence necessitates further rigorous research endeavors. Through this exploration, it accentuates the urgency for standardized protocols, ethical considerations, and extensive clinical studies to unlock the full potential of antioxidants in improving maternal and fetal health outcomes during pregnancy.