Browsing by Author "Theophilus Pius"

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    Assessment of Factors Associated with Caesarean Section Among Women Attending Kampala International University Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Study
    (International Journal of Case Studies in Clinical Research, 2020-03-02) Theophilus Pius; Namiwanda Joaniter; Solomon Mbina; Saphurah Nabaasa; Susan Nabukeera; Ibrahim Ntulume; Robinson Ssebuufu; Ejike Daniel Eze
    The rate of caesarean section has continue to increase worldwide and the lack of harmony on its indications and the associated short and long-term risks has been a cause of concern among health professionals and the public at large. A retrospective study was done to assess factors associated with caesarean section at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital (KIU-TH) Western Uganda from 2017- 2018. KIU-TH is the biggest hospital in Bushenyi district and also served as a referral hospital to neighbouring district in Western and other parts of Uganda. This study reviewed 320 women records that underwent CS. Data was collected systematically using simple structured questionnaires and was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Out of the 320 records reviewed, patient related factors has an increased odd with maternal ages 32-38 and 39-45 were significance, Occupational status, Level of education and primigravidas were significance factors associated with rate of CS. On medical related factors, fetal distress, obstructed/prolonged labour, premature rapture of membrane and mal-presentation were significance associated factors at p-value<0.005 respectively. Despite the factors indicated in this study, pregnant women with should be encourage to attend antenatal clinics for proper preparation towards safe delivery in order to avoid high rate of CS dependent delivery.
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    Combating the Spread of COVID-19, the Challenges Faced and Way forward for the International Community: A Review
    (Open Access Library Journal, 2020) Theophilus Pius; Saphurah Nabaasa; Nicholas Kusiima; Nicholas Kusiima; Ssebuufu Robinson
    Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-COV2 has been a great disaster globally; affecting human lives, world economy, social activities, and above all lack of trust among countries of the world. The dreaded disease has about more than 3,713,796 confirmed cases, 263,288 deaths, and 1,341,059 recovered persons in May 2020. The main purpose of this article is to review measures put in place to combat COVID-19, challenges faced, and way forward for the international community. The study reviewed relevant articles on COVID-19 and measures put in place for combating the spread of COVID-19. The inconsistency in the prevention and control of COVID-19 and unwillingness by the people especially, in developing countries such as Africa has hampered the effective implementation of universal control measures to combat the disease. Also, the lack of a universal approved treatment and lack of trust amongst regions of the world to combat the disease have left many countries to struggle for themselves. The earlier report that the COVID-19 is not airborne and the recent report that is airborne has done more harm than good in terms of preventive measures. Another challenge observed is the lack of a complete understanding of the coronavirus by the scientific community. The association of the COVID-19 with 5G network was another distraction and confusion to the international community in combating the disease as people who were supposed to observe control and preventive measures, found themselves protesting and vandalizing the 5G tower thereby exposing themselves at risk of been infected with coronavirus. There is a need for a consensus on preventive measures and treatment through evidence- based research that will be effective in combating COVID-19 globally. During this global crisis with COVID-19, the international community must decentralize the testing centers to reach out to the rural areas instead of waiting for case reports from such areas. Social network owners should find a way of filtering and controlling information shared during outbreaks and Pandemics in the future.
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    Contaminants of Domestic Rural Spring Water Sources In Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality, Western Uganda
    (Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 2020) Solomon Adomi Mbina; Galimaka Wilson; Ejike Daniel Eze; Theophilus Pius; Ssebuufu Robinson; Adam Moyosore Afodun; Iliya Ezekie
    developed and developing countries. In Uganda, most water-borne diseases are known to be the leading causes of serious health burden among the inhabitants. The study objectives were to characterize microscopic isolates using biochemical tests as well as identify the possible sources of contamination of spring water which is the commonest source of water used by rural inhabitants for domestic activities in Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality, Bushenyi district, Western Uganda. Samples of spring water were collected from all accessible spring water sources in Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality, Western Uganda. A total of 48 spring water samples were collected using 500 ml sterile glass bottles. The sources of contamination of the spring water samples were determined using a Sanitary Inspection Checklist which was designed using some standard response factors from a collection of standard reference checklists for drinking water quality assessment. Distribution of isolates and indicator pathogens of fecal contamination recovered from positive samples shows 77.8% from Nyakabirizi, 75% from Ishaka and 52.63% from Central divisions. Among the isolates, Pseudomonas spp and Shigella spp appeared more frequent with overall percentage of (52.63%) and (45.83%) whereas, Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were found in (31.25%), (12.5%) and (6.25%) respectively. Sanitary inspections showed that springs in Ishaka Division posed a much higher risk (66.7%) of bacterial contamination compared to what was observed in Central (58.3%) and Nyakabirizi (58.3%) Divisions. All the sampled water sources were contaminated hence they posed substantial risk to users in the communities. Regular water examination and quality control including microbial assessment of all water sources should be maintained in the three Divisions of the Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality, Western Uganda.
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    Galinsoga parviflora restored associated motor coordination through increased linear distribution of Purkinje Cells in mercury chloride-induced toxicity of mice’s cerebellum
    (African Journal of Cellular Pathology, 2022-06-02) John Tabakwot Ayuba; Akeem Ayodeji Okesina; Ibe Michael Usman; Ichael Kunle Ajenikoko; Theophilus Pius; Nicholas Kusiima; Saidi Odoma; Mario Fernandez Edgar
    African Journal of Cellular Pathology Mercury (Hg) is a poisonous substance associated with diseases, such as ataxia and Joubert syndrome. Therefore, it is important to find a way to disrupt the process of Hg poisoning in the cerebellum, by exploring the medicinal value of local herb such as Galinsoga parviflora (GP). This study examined the effects of aqueous leaf extract of GP in HgCl2- induced cerebellar toxicity in adult male mice. Twenty-five adult male mice of an average weight of 25 g were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=5). Animals in Group I received oral administration of 2 ml/kg distilled water for 6 weeks, Group II received 2.3 mg/kg of HgCl2 for 3 weeks, Group III received 2.3 mg/kg of HgCl2 for the first 3 weeks followed by oral administration of 800mg/kg of GP extract for the next 3 weeks, Group IV received 800mg/kg of GP extract for the first 3 weeks followed by 2.3 mg/kg of HgCl2 for the next three weeks, and Group V received 2.3 mg/kg of HgCl2 and 800 mg/kg of GP extract concurrently for three weeks. The test animals were subjected to beam walking tests during the experiment period, followed by euthanasia, perfusion fixation, and tissue sample collection for histological and histochemical analysis. Treatment with the extract of GP showed varying degrees of regeneration in the cerebellar Purkinje cells and myelin sheath of mice in HgCl2 induced toxicity, with corresponding improvements in balance and posture. Cerebellar HgCl2 exposure in the present study was neurotoxic; however, treatment with GP was of therapeutic value.
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    Galinsoga parviflora restored associated motor coordination through increased linear distribution of Purkinje Cells in mercury chloride-induced toxicity of mice’s cerebellum
    (African Journal of Cellular Pathology, 2022) John Tabakwot Ayuba; Akeem Ayodeji Okesina; Ibe Michael Usman; Michael Kunle Ajenikoko; Theophilus Pius; Nicholas Kusiima; Saidi Odoma; Mario Fernandez Edga
    Mercury (Hg) is a poisonous substance associated with diseases, such as ataxia and Joubert syndrome. Therefore, it is important to find a way to disrupt the process of Hg poisoning in the cerebellum, by exploring the medicinal value of local herb such as Galinsoga parviflora (GP). This study examined the effects of aqueous leaf extract of GP in HgCl2-induced cerebellar toxicity in adult male mice. Twenty-five adult male mice of an average weight of 25 g were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=5). Animals in Group I received oral administration of 2 ml/kg distilled water for 6 weeks, Group II received 2.3 mg/kg of HgCl2 for 3 weeks, Group III received 2.3 mg/kg of HgCl2 for the first 3 weeks followed by oral administration of 800mg/kg of GP extract for the next 3 weeks, Group IV received 800mg/kg of GP extract for the first 3 weeks followed by 2.3 mg/kg of HgCl2 for the next three weeks, and Group V received 2.3 mg/kg of HgCl2 and 800 mg/kg of GP extract concurrently for three weeks. The test animals were subjected to beam walking tests during the experiment period, followed by euthanasia, perfusion fixation, and tissue sample collection for histological and histochemical analysis. Treatment with the extract of GP showed varying degrees of regeneration in the cerebellar Purkinje cells and myelin sheath of mice in HgCl2 induced toxicity, with corresponding improvements in balance and posture. Cerebellar HgCl2 exposure in the present study was neurotoxic; however, treatment with GP was of therapeutic value..