Assessment of industrial wastewater effluents into urban ecosystem Kigali, Rwanda
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Date
2013-12
Authors
Edwin, Byusa
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Kampala International University.College of Engneering
Abstract
Rwanda is developing its industrial sector for economic development; those
industries are regularly generating wastes, either solid, liquid and gas which can
in one way or another harm the living species. For the purpose of this study, an
assessment of industrial wastewater effluents into urban wetland ecosystem was
done and City of Kigali is considered. The objectives of the study was to
establish the pollutants in the effluent of key point sources of Kigali and then
assess the effluent discharge management methods and treatments regimes. if
any. of three key identified pollution point sources.
The pollution due to discharge of untreated industrial effluent into environment
is a disturbing environmental crisis of Kigali City. Industries do not have
effluent treatment facilities and where the system exists, it does not meet the
requirement for effluent standard before their dumping into surface water. It is
for this endeavor that effluents from some industries were analyzed through
laboratory experiments and then compare the results to the national standards
maximum limits requi1·ed for effluents to be discharged to environment. It was
found that the urban wetland is polluted by the presence of a higher
concentration of TSS. COD. Faecal Coli forms. Cd. Cu. CN. Ni and Phenol rn
all the tree sampling sites. And Pb at Kabuye and UTEXR WA. As at
UTEXRWA and RUGANWA and then TDS at UTEXRWA, BOD at
KABUYE. Fe at UTEXRWA, Cr (VI) at UTEXR WA and Hg is higher at
UTEXR WA. The pH value was found to be higher at UTEXR WA and lower at
Kabuye.
The problem of unplanned settlement leads to having many human activities
near those effluents point. Both animal and plant communities are highly
affected by the pollulated effluents. so all concerned industries should treat their
effluents to protect the biodiversity and reuse them for saving costs, then water is
regulated. and the industry's public image is improved. Government should
ensure that the fixed standards are respected by monitoring wastewater
discharges. The principle of intergeneration equity should guide all of us, as
environmental protection is concerned. This is the wise use of environment,
natural resources for present and future generations.
Description
Thesis submitted to the College of Higher Degrees and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of master of Science in Environmental Management and Development of Kampala International University
Keywords
Assessment, Industrial, Wastewater, Urban, Rwanda