Post-prandial hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effect of aloe vera methanolic extract via digestive enzymes inhibition mechanism in male wistar rats
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Date
2023-09
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Kampala International University
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the post-prandial hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effect of Aloe vera methanolic extract on the digestive enzymes alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase and pancreatic lipase in male wistar rats. Background: Animal model and Clinical studies have confirmed the hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic It has also been reported that Aloe vera can inhibit in vitro, the digestive enzymes α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase (Muniz- Ramirez et al., 2020). Hence its probable potency to control post-prandial hyperglycaemia and hyperlipidemia. This claim needs to be verified in vivo and this is the gap which this research aims to fill. Method: An Aloe vera extract was prepared with 50% methanol and and freeze-dried. Thirty five animals were used to achieve each of the three objectives. To achieve Objective 1, the animals were grouped into seven and each group was having five animals per cage. Kinetics studies were done on the animals on two occasions. In the first occasion, only starch was administered to the animals intragastrically. In the second occasion, Aloe vera extract was administered to the animals before starch was administered fifteen minutes after. Before blood collection, the animals were fasted for eighteen hours, after which fasting blood glucose was collected and recorded as 0 minutes. This was followed by administration of starch in the first occasion, and Aloe vera plus starch in the second occasion, at varying doses of the substrate but an optimized dose of the inhibitor. Counting from the time of food and/or extract administration, blood samples were taken at fifteen minutes interval for a period of two hours. The blood samples were collected from the tail of the animals using On Call glucometer and test strips. The procedure was repeated for the methods of Objective 2 and Objective 3, but blood collections in Objective 3 were done for a period of six hours at one hour interval. In Objective 2, sucrose was the substrate, alpha glucosidase was the enzyme. In Objective 3, olive oil was the substrate and pancreatic lipase was the enzyme. Data analyses were done by conducting ANOVA using Microsoft Excel, by estimating the Area Under Curve (AUC) for the data obtained from the groups using trapezoidal rule, and by calculating the percentage inhibition of the enzymes. Results: The ANOVA results show that the 7.5g/kg dose of Aloe vera extract inhibited the digestive enzymes alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase and pancreatic lipase significantly. The estimated and calculated AUC results show the highest percentage inhibition to alpha amylase is 81.5%, to alpha glucosidase is 89.1%, to pancreatic lipase is 427%. Conclusion: The 7.5g/kg dose of Aloe vera extract inhibited the three digestive enzyme alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase and pancreatic lipase significantly and it may do more than inhibition of the three intestinal enzymes in order to lower post-prandial triglycerides.
Description
A research dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the award of M.Sc. Pharmacology of Kampala International University