Efficiency of municipal solid waste management: the case study of Bor town Area, South Sudan
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Date
2017-05
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Kampala International University, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Abstract
The study sought to identify the existing methods of solid waste management and ascertain
the effect of social and economic factors on efficiency of solid waste management. The study
was carried out primarily through survey method and interview of Bor municipal council
(BMC) and households in Bor Town.
Inadequate dustbins supply was a major factor affecting waste disposal in Bor Town
especially among the low class residential areas. The survey established that about 86.82 per
cent of respondents have no access to dustbins for disposing their waste particularly those
living in the low class residential area. This implies that respondents resorted to dumping
waste in nearby drainage channels, by roadside, opened spaces and other unapproved ways of
managing their domestic waste.
Additionally, the dustbins ratio to population was very high (1: 276) compared to the
maximum number of fifteen people to a dustbin (1:15). These include high populated areas
lilce Arek, Achiengdier and Langbar. This goes to reaffirm the inadequacy of dustbins supply
in the Bor vicinity.
Indeed there was irregular or lack of routine collection of waste by Bor municipal council,
especially in the low class residential areas in the Town. Waste collection was mostly carried
out twice a week and in some areas like low class residential areas no collection took place.
This resulted in people dumping their waste in opened spaces and in most cases burning was
the alternative to final disposal at the landfill.
Unlike the door-to-door collection which attracted a monthly charge of SSP 50 in the high
class residential areas, the communal collection was carried out at no cost to the residents in
all the low class residential areas. This is because respondents in these areas were not
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requested to pay for waste collection though their monthly average monthly income (SSP
270) earned could support the payment.
The landfill did not meet the requirement of a sanitary landfill and could therefore be
correctly described as an open dump. The landfill had no gas recovery system and leachates
collection system. The landfill too was sited near a settlement. Additionally, waste was not
usually separated into their various components before final disposal. This led to burying of
some valuable resources in the landfill which could have been otherwise re-used. More so,
burning of waste occurred in the landfill.
The waste management institution was unable to deliver efficient services as it was under
resourced. Skips and dustbins for storing waste generated were woefully inadequate. In the
whole of Bor Town there was no single skip that was supplied to the residents. However,
about 450 skips were required by the municipality to be supplied to the low class residential
areas. Also, about nine hundred and twenty six (926) dustbins extra were required to be
supplied in the middle and high class residential areas in the Bor Town as against about one
hundred and forty one (141) dustbins distributed. Equipment for waste transportation was
also inadequate as there was only one truck but four (4) were required to ensure regular
collection.
Key words: Efficiency, Solid Waste Management, indicators, performance
Description
A thesis presented to the school of engineering and applied sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Master of Science in environmental management of Kampala International University
Keywords
Efficiency, Solid Waste Management, Performance