Effect of popped amaranthus hypochondriacus on calcium level and organs structure in type ii diabetic rats
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Date
2017-05
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Publisher
Kampala international international: School of Health Sciences
Abstract
Amaranthus hypochondriacus (commonly refened as, Grain Amaranth; GA) has ant diabetic effect, although its role in influencing calcium homeostasis has not yet been explored. This is important since calcium metabolism in the tissues of diabetic individuals has been shown to be severely compromised. The aim of this study was to assess role of grain amaranth on tissue calcium and structure in T2DM Wistar rats. Thirty Male Wistar rats were used in this experiment. Twenty rats were induced with T2DM by intraperitoneal injection with STZ/Nicotinamide at 60 and 120 mg/kg respectively. 0 f the 20 diabetic rats, these were divided into 4 groups (n = 5); Group A rats were treated with Mixtard® at 0.5 mg/kg, Group B not treated; Group C fed on a diet supplemented with 25% GA; Group D supplemented with 50% GA. Ten non-diabetic rats were divided into two groups (n =5): Group E fed on 50% GA and Group F fed on regular feed. Rats were kept for 5 weeks, after which, they were sacrificed. Brain, heart, liver and kidney tissues were harvested and biochemical analysis for calcium levels and histopathological changes was conducted. The study showed that at high concentration, GA has strong effects in the modulation of serum calcium levels in T2DM. In the heart and brain, GA led to reduced calcium concentrations which were comparable to the rats in the non-diabetic control group. In addition, vacouations in these tissues were at a minimum implying that GA improved calcium homeostasis leading to tissue protection. Although Ca2 + levels in both the liver and kidney were found to have increased withGA supplementation, no structural changes were observed. However, there was no significant differences (P > 0. 05) between the 25% and 50% supplementation levels thus implying that these were within the safe range. GA improves calcium metabolism in the tissues and a follow up study on molecular mechanisms would shade more insight.
Description
A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the a ward of a master of science degree in physiology to Kampala international university
Keywords
Physiology, Popped amaranthus, Calcium level, Type ii diabetic rats, Organs structure