Prevalence and risk factors of pneumonia among children aged below 5 years attending Kiryandongo Hospital
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Date
2019-03
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Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences
Abstract
Pneumonia is the number one infectious killer of children under age 5 years, killing an estimated 2400 children a day globally and in Uganda, pneumonia is the second leading cause of death among children under the age of five years. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with pneumonia among children under 5 years old attending Kiryandongo hospital. Methods: Hospital based cross-sectional study was employed on 100 child-mother pairs. Data were collected using structured and pre-tested questionnaire .Data analysis was conducted using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25 software. Odds Ratio along with 95% confidence interval was estimated to identify determinates of pneumonia and p values <0.05 were considered significant. Results: The mean age of the children was 18.4 months ± 14.1 SD and majority, 60 (60%) of the children were males. Prevalence of pneumonia among under-five children in this study was 20%.Children aged≤11 months were 6.6 times more likely to develop pneumonia as compared to children aged ≥12 months (AOR=6.6; 95%CI=2.160, 20.169; p=0.001).Children whose mothers were unemployed were less likely to have pneumonia compared to those whose mothers were employed (AOR=0.03; 95%CI=0.005,0.134; p<0.001).Children from households without kitchen were 7 times more likely of develop pneumonia as compared to children from household has kitchen. (AOR=7.0 95%CI=2.333, 21.004; p=0.001). Children who breastfed for a period of less than 12 months were 7 times more likely to get pneumonia than children who breastfed for at least 12 months (AOR=7.0;95%CI =2.333, 21.004; p=0.001).Children who had a history of diarrhea were 7.9 times more risk of developing pneumonia as compared to children with no history of diarrhea (AOR=7.9;95%CI=2.580, 24.122; p<0.001). Children who had a normal nutritional status had a less risk of developing pneumonia as compared to children who were malnourished (AOR=0.01; 95%CI=0.002, 0.121; p<0.001). Conclusion: Prevalence of pneumonia in under-five children in the study area was high. Identified risks can be prevented and controlled through community mobilization on health benefits of improved ventilation in cooking places, breastfeeding for at least two years, and taking children for vaccination to prevent under five pneumonia
Description
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of a degree of Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery of Kampala International University
Keywords
Pneumonia among children, Kiryandongo Hospital