Browsing by Author "Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu"
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- ItemAdvancements in Immune Augmentation Strategies for HIV Patients(IAA Journal of Biological Sciences, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Esther Ugo Alum; Okechukwu Paul-Chima UgwuThe management of HIV has witnessed a transformative shift owing to innovative approaches aimed at bolstering immune status in affected individuals. The landscape of HIV treatment has undergone a profound transformation with the emergence of innovative approaches dedicated to fortifying the immune status of individuals living with the virus. This abstract provides a succinct yet comprehensive overview of groundbreaking strategies aimed at augmenting immune health in HIV patients. Encompassing advancements in immunotherapy, personalized medicine, lifestyle modifications, and telemedicine, this overview highlights the promising trajectory and potential impact of these novel interventions in the realm of HIV care. By exploring the multifaceted dimensions of immune enhancement strategies, this abstract sets the stage for a deeper understanding of these innovative approaches and their pivotal role in shaping the future of HIV management
- ItemAdvances in Laboratory Diagnosis and Clinical Management ofGilbert Disease :A Comprehensive Review(IAA Journal of Scientific Research, 2024-06-01) Nkiruka R Ukibe; Chioma Theresa Onwe; C.E. Onah Ezinne G Ukibe; Blessing C.Ukibe; Victory Ezennia Ukibe; Emmanuel Ifeanyi ObeaguGilbert’s syndrome (GS) is an extensively mild condition characterized by periods of elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood. The bilirubin is an orange yellowish tinted molecule which is produced when red blood cells are broken down and this substance is eliminated from the body only after it undergoes bio-transformation in the liver which converts unconjugated bilirubin to conjugated bilirubin. When the level of unconjugated bilirubin increases beyond a determined point, the bilirubin pigment starts to discolour the cornea of the eyes (making them to appear light yellow) and with higher levels the skin may also turn to yellow (jaundice). Gilbert’s syndrome also known as constitutional hepatic dysfunction and familial non haemolytic jaundice. People with Gilbert’s syndrome have an inherited abnormality that causes reduced production of an enzyme involved in processing of bilirubin. A
- ItemAn Insight of Interleukin -6 and Fibrinogen: In Regulating the Immune System(Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 2022) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Emmanuel Muhimbura; Byamungu Pahari; Kagenderezo; Sarah Nakyeyune; Getrude Uzoma ObeaguThe role of the liver as a critical part of the immune system involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. As a major source of acute phase proteins, including components of the complement system. Hepatocytes are an important part of innate immunity and play an important role in controlling inflammatory responses throughout the body. Acute-phase protein production in hepatocytes is controlled by various cytokines released during the inflammatory process, with IL-6 and IL-1 type cytokines acting as key regulators, cascading and synergistic regulation or it functions as a cascade network with inhibition. Effects on acute-phase protein expression. The pro inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 is an endogenous biochemical active during B cell maturation and inflammatory processes. Interleukin-6 plays an important role in regulating acute-phase protein synthesis in human hepatocytes
- ItemAn Insight on Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Pediatric Perspective(International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research, 2022) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Keerthana GnanavelAcute leukemia is the most common childhood malignancy, accounting for nearly 35% of all childhood cancers. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounts for 15-20% of childhood acute leukemias. The majority of AML cases are de novo, but a minority may present as secondary malignancies. AML is a highly heterogeneous disease, the diagnosis of which involves morphology, immunophenotyping, cytochemistry, and diagnostic analyzes involving leukemic blasts derived from peripheral blood or bone marrow exhibiting cytogenic and molecular characteristics. Includes combinations. By identifying recurrent genetic mutations, it is now possible to improve individual prognosis and guide treatment management. Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease that requires a multifaceted therapeutic approach. Although the outcomes of low-risk AML have improved significantly over the past decades, high-risk AML continues to be associated with poor prognosis. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics, risk stratification, and supportive care have helped improve outcomes in childhood AML.
- ItemAnaemia among pregnant women :A review of African pregnant Teenagers(J Pub Health Nutri, 2023-01-18) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Fortune Chirunim AgreenIn pregnancy, anaemia is when haemoglobin concentration is less than 11 g/dL in the first anthe third trimester or a haemoglobin concentration of less than 10.5 g/dL in the second trimester Globally, anaemia is public health problem since ancient years. During pregnancy, eradicate of anaemia is a key component of safe motherhood. Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant teenagers is high. Microcytic anaemia remains the most common morphological type affecting pregnant teenagers. No formal education and poor antenatal care attendance are associated with an increased risk of anaemia among pregnant teenagers
- ItemAnaemia among pregnant women :prevalence and Determinants(Newport International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Chidimma Maureen ChukwuezeMalarial infection, occupation, urinary tract infection, place of residence and alcohol consumption are associa anaemia among pregnant women. There is prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women. Anaemia during pregnancy is a public health problem in developed and developing countries. Pregnant women are at risk of developing anaemia due to increased nutrient needs which include iron, folate and Vitamin B12 and haemo-dilution during pregnancy
- ItemAnaemia among pregnant women: A review in Africa(International Digital Organization for Scientific Research, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Abdi Abubakar Ali; Uche FranciscaOnwuasoanya; Anthonia Onyinye Ngwoke; Danchal Comfort Vandu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Ugwu Okechukwu Paul-ChimaIron-deficiency anemia is the most frequent form of anemia in pregnancy and can have serious consequences for both the mother and fetus. The majority of women do not have adequate iron stores to meet the dramatic increase in requirements during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. However, there is increasing evidence that intravenous iron is more effective, provides more rapid haemoglobin correction, corrects iron stores and is better tolerated than oral iron in treating iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy. The reported prevalence of anemia in this study is high and routine screening of pregnant women is highly recommended and further studies to explore during pregnancy is a public health problem in developed and developing countries. Pregnant women are at risk of developing anemia due to increased nutrient needs which include iron, folate and Vitamin B12 and haemo-dilution during pregnancy
- ItemAnemia as a Prognostic Marker for Disease Progression in HIV Infection(IAA Journal of Biological Sciences, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Esther Ugo Alum; Okechukwu Paul-Chima UgwuAnemia, a prevalent hematologic manifestation in individuals living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, has garnered considerable attention as a prognostic indicator for disease progression and adverse clinical outcomes. This abstract presents a comprehensive review elucidating the intricate relationship between anemia and the progression of HIV infection, incorporating epidemiological trends, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical implications, and prognostic significance. Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART), anemia remains a frequent complication in HIV infected individuals, posing substantial challenges to patient management. This paper aims to provide a nuanced understanding of anemia's role as a prognostic marker, surpassing its conventional characterization as a hematologic abnormality in the context of HIV infection. Anemia's role as a predictive marker for adverse clinical outcomes in HIV patients is explored, encompassing increased mortality rates, heightened risk of opportunistic infections, accelerated disease progression, and compromised quality of life. The review delves into its prognostic significance, shaping therapeutic decisions and prognostic assessments. This paper encapsulates the criticality of anemia as a prognostic marker for disease progression in HIV infection. Understanding its epidemiology, pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical implications, and prognostic significance is pivotal for informed clinical decision-making, prognostic assessments, and optimizing care paradigms in HIV management.
- ItemAnemia, iron, and HIV: decoding the interconnected pathways A review(Medicine, 2024) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Nkiruka Rose Ukibe; Samson Adewale OyebadejoThis review delves into the intricate relationship between anemia, iron metabolism, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), aiming to unravel the interconnected pathways that contribute to the complex interplay between these 3 entities. A systematic exploration of relevant literature was conducted, encompassing studies examining the association between anemia, iron status, and HIV infection. Both clinical and preclinical investigations were analyzed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms linking these components. Chronic inflammation, a hallmark of HIV infection, disrupts iron homeostasis, impacting erythropoiesis and contributing to anemia. Direct viral effects on bone marrow function further compound red blood cell deficiencies. Antiretroviral therapy, while essential for managing HIV, introduces potential complications, including medication-induced anemia. Dysregulation of iron levels in different tissues adds complexity to the intricate network of interactions. Effective management of anemia in HIV necessitates a multifaceted approach. Optimization of antiretroviral therapy, treatment of opportunistic infections, and targeted nutritional interventions, including iron supplementation, are integral components. However, challenges persist in understanding the specific molecular mechanisms governing these interconnected pathways. Decoding the interconnected pathways of anemia, iron metabolism, and HIV is imperative for enhancing the holistic care of individuals with HIV/AIDS. A nuanced understanding of these relationships will inform the development of more precise interventions, optimizing the management of anemia in this population. Future research endeavors should focus on elucidating the intricate molecular mechanisms, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies in the context of HIV-associated anemia.
- ItemAntioxidants and Pregnancy Complications(Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2024-01-25) Emmanuel Ifeanyi ObeaguPregnancy complications present signiϐicant challenges, impacting maternal health and fetal development. Oxidative stress, a key contributor to various pregnancy-related disorders such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and preterm birth, has spurred interest in exploring antioxidant interventions. Antioxidants, known for their ability to counteractoxidative damage, have emerged as potential therapeutic agents to mitigate these complications. This paper synthesizes current knowledge on the role of antioxidants in pregnancy, elucidating their mechanisms of action, sources, and impact on oxidative stress-related complications. It examines diverse antioxidant compounds, including vitamins C and E, selenium, and natural phytochemicals, highlighting their potential to modulate oxidative stress pathways and promote maternal-fetal wellbeing. Furthermore, this paper critically analyzes clinical studies, meta-analyses, and preclinical research exploring the efficacy and safety of antioxidant supplementation during pregnancy. It discusses the complexities surrounding optimal dosages, timing, and formulations of antioxidants, aiming to delineate strategies for their integration into prenatal care. In conclusion, this review provides insights into the promising role of antioxidants as therapeutic strategies to alleviate pregnancy complications associated with oxidative stress. It highlights avenues for future research, advocating for a deeper understanding of antioxidant mechanisms and their optimalutilization in prenatal care to enhance maternal and fetal health outcomes.
- ItemBenign Prostatic Hyperplasia :A Review(Eurasian Experiment Journal of Public Health, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; U. Alum Esther; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Okechukwu Paul-Chima UgwuBenign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. The symptoms of BPH are mostly lower urinary tract symptoms and these include waking up to urinate at night, urgency, frequency, incontinence of urine and inability to empty the bladder completely and weak urine stream. Nocturia in particular has been found to have negative effect on quality of sleep, energy or vitality. Men realizes they have prostate enlargement when they start experiencing lower urinary tract symptoms. Several new biomarkers for individuals with raised PSA concentrations or those diagnosed with prostate cancer are likely to identify individuals who can be spared aggressive treatment.
- ItemDevelopment of Atherosclerosis in Adulthood: Mini Review(International Digital Organization for Scientific Research :, 2024) Mathias Abiodun Emokpae; Timothy God-Giveth Olusegun; Oluwasina Moses Egbeyemi; Emmanuel Ifeanyi ObeaguThe lipid profile during the neonatal period plays a pivotal role in determining the future risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. Abnormal lipid levels in neonates have been associated with an increased Propensity for the development of atherosclerosis later in life. This review aims to explore the significance of Abno mal lipid profiles in neonates and their potential implications for the development of atherosclerosis in adulthood. The discussion encompasses the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism in early life, the impact of various factors on lipid levels in neonates, and the long-term consequences of abnormal lipid profiles. Understanding relationship between neonatal lipid profiles and the risk of atherosclerosis in adulthood is crucial for developing preventive strategies and interventions aimed at reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases in later life. This review synthesizes idea from existing literature to provide insights into the importance of early lipid assessment and its implications for long-term cardiovascular health.
- ItemInhalation Effect of Insecticides on Coagulation Profiles of Rabbits(Asian Hematology Research Journal, 2022-09-13) Emily Funmilayo Eyitayo; Olusegun Taiwo Oke a; Dorcas Yetunde Obazee; Emmanuel Ifeanyi ObeaguBackground: High malaria burden has led to the increase use of insecticides in the tropics and subtropics. This study thus aimed at assessing the effect of insecticides inhalation on coagulation profile using experimental animal model. Methods: Sixteen adult male rabbits divided into four groups A, B, C and D. Group A, B and C were exposed to 20 ml of pyrethroid insecticides containing 0.05% pralletrin and 0.15% cyfluthrin by inhalation for 10 mins, 20 mins, and 30mins respectively. Group D served as the control and was not exposed. Baseline study was done on all the animals before grouping for exposure. The pyrethroid insecticides was soaked in cotton wool (2.5g) in a container that was able to prevent the animal from ingesting it, which was placed inside the room A, B and C for 10 mins, 20 mins and 30 mins respectively. The rabbits were exposed for three weeks and samples were collected at the end of each week. Exposure was discontinued after day 21 and Samples were collected again on day 28 and 35 respectively which is the fourth and fifth week. All the animals were monitored twice daily for clinical signs like jerky movement, skin scratching, licking of legs and other body parts. Results: Data analysis revealed that there was significant effect of inhalation of insecticides on coagulation profile of rabbits at 10 min, 20 mins and 30 mins of exposure. There was significant decreased in PTTK and INR values. But, there was no significant effect on prothrombin time
- ItemUnveiling the Lifeline: Blood Transfusions in Severe Breast Cancer Treatment(Haematology International Journal, 2024) Emmanuel Ifeanyi ObeaguBreast cancer, a pervasive global health concern, often presents in severe forms necessitating multidimensional treatment strategies. Blood transfusions stand as a crucial adjunctive therapy in managing severe breast cancer, mitigating hematologic complications, and optimizing treatment outcomes. This review delineates the pivotal role of blood transfusions in the comprehensive management of severe breast cancer, encompassing their impact on anemia management, supportive care in chemotherapy and immunotherapy, and reduction of treatment-associated morbidity. Challenges including immunomodulatory effects, resource allocation, and transfusion-related complications are discussed, alongside future directions emphasizing personalized transfusion strategies, integration with emerging therapies, and patient-centered outcomes research. Through elucidating the multifaceted role of blood transfusions, this review underscores their indispensability in the evolving landscape of severe breast cancer treatment, guiding clinical practice and fostering advancements in oncologic care.