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Browsing by Author "Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu"

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A review of factor associated with alcohol abuse among youths.
(2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu
Alcohol is an intoxicating ingredient found in beer, wine and liquor. Alcohol is produced by fermentation of yeast, sugar and starches. Alcohol abuse is a maladaptive pattern of use of a psychoactive substance, indicated by continued use despite of knowledge of having persistent or recurrent social, occupational, physiological or physical problems that are caused or exacerbated by the use. The major factors that contribute to alcohol abuse among youth are environmental factors which include availability, presence of local breweries and persuasive advertisements followed by socio-economic factors like unemployment, peer pressure, social norms, stress, boredom, family neglect among others. The effects of alcohol abuse are poverty, gastric ulcers, death
A Review of Incidence and Clinical Outcomes of Neonate with False Tooth Extraction
(Journal of Scientific Research, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Neema Bizimana Gloria; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; P.C. Okechukwu Ugwu
False tooth extraction is a cultural practice which have been reported in countries in Sub-Saharan as a management of fever, difficult in breastfeeding and diarrhoea in infants, and this has been thought to increase infant mortality. When false tooth is diagnosed it is advices before performing tooth extraction in neonate to wait for the commensal flora of the intestine to become established and to produce vitamin K, which is essential for the production of prothrombin in the liver. Thus, it is safer to wait until a child is 10 days old before extracting the tooth.
A review of urinary tract infections in pregnant women: Risks factors.
(2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Amaechi Chukwudi Ofodile; Chetachi Blessing Okwuanaso
Urinary tract infection refers to both microbial colonization of the urine and tissue invasion of any structure of the urinary tract. Bacteria are most commonly responsible although yeast and viruses may also be involved. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common disorder caused by bacterial agents in pregnancy, can lead to important complications in newborn such mothers in case of inappropriate diagnosis and treatment. Urinary tract infection during pregnancy is common and high in age group between 26-35 years. The high incidence of UTI in the young reproductive age group is due to early pregnancy particularly in the remote settings. UTI remain a prevalent problem during pregnancy especially, in developing countries. Genital hygiene, urination habits and low socioeconomic status play significant role in the occurrence of UTI during pregnancy. These could be attributed to lack of knowledge about UTI risk factors and its prevention during pregnancy.
A Review on Cervical Cancer Vaccination
(Eurasian Experiment Journal of Public Health, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Yakubu Sunday Bot; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Adekemi Linda Adejare
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. Approximately 90% of deaths from cervical cancer occur in low- and middle-income countries, but mortality varies 18-fold worldwide. The introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in many countries has significantly reduced HPV specific infection rates. Several studies have investigated the HPV vaccine intake [5-6] and found that the intake was low Lack of knowledge and passive attitudes have been reported to be one of the reasons for this low intake. Women's knowledge of HPV infection and vaccination was found to be low. HPV vaccination coverage is low, which is related to urban living and HPV awareness.
A review on socio economic and behavioral aspects of malaria and its control among children under 5 years of age in Africa.
(2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Amaechi Chukwudi Ofodile; Chetachi Blessing Okwuanaso
Over 40 % of the world’s population is in malaria infested areas. Malaria not only causes ill health and death but also hampers development due to the fact that lots of resources are spent combating the disease. Severe malaria impairs children’s learning and cognitive ability by as much as 60%, consequently affecting the performance primary and secondary education programs. Human behavior much of which is influenced by social, cultural, economic, and political factors is clearly related to health, including the risk for infectious diseases like malaria. Whether it is intentional or not, human behavior affects health-promoting and disease-preventing activities, in some instances increasing risk and in others reducing it. Beyond human behavior as such, prevalent socio-economic factors including political and economic parameters also contribute to shaping how humans act, and therefore must be seen, in and of themselves, as epidemiological predictors of health and disease patterns.
A Systematic Review on Acute Kidney Injury Among Children With Severe Malaria
(International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research, 2022) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Uchenna Echefu; Uche George
Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by Plasmodium species and transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in children with severe malaria is common and associated with adverse hospital outcome. It has become increasingly prevalent in both developed and developing countries and it is associated with severe morbidity and mortality especially in children. The recognized factors associated with acute kidney injury among children with severe malaria are sociodemographic factors (age, sex, age of parents and level of education of parents); clinical factors and laboratory factors such hyperparasitaemia, hypoglycaemia, low level of haemoglobin and thrombocytopenia. This review showed that there is a high prevalence of acute kidney injury among children with severe malaria. Acute kidney injury among children with severe malaria is associated with low level of education of caretakers, young age of children, history of receiving NSAIDs and anaemia. The mortality rate of children with AKI is high.
A Systematic Review on Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
(International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research, 2022) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) comprises a group of lymphoid neoplasms that are morphologically and immunophenotypically similar to B and T lineage progenitors. The pathogenesis of ALL involves the abnormal proliferation and differentiation of clonal populations of lymphoid cells. Studies in pediatric populations have identified genetic syndromes that predispose to a small number of ALL cases, including Down's syndrome, Fanconi's anemia, Bloom's syndrome, ataxia-telangiectasia, and Nijmegen's breakdown syndrome. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia has been hailed as a major success story in pediatric oncology with the advent of dose-escalating chemotherapy and allogeneic SCT. However, the high risk of this disease and the significant toxicities associated with chemotherapy in adults make the results less promising. Because some studies have shown benefits of pediatric-inspired therapies, much uncertainty remains about how adults with ALL can best be managed
A Systematic review on childhood immunization among men with infants: Africa perspective
(International Journal of Current Research in Medical Sciences, 2022) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu
Immunization remains one of the cheapest and most cost effective means of protecting the masses from vaccine preventable diseases. Factors affecting Childhood immunization uptake at general practice level may be considered in terms of socio demographic variables, attitude and practice. This review was done to enlighten the public on Childhood Immunization in Africa. Different search engines were consulted to explore the literatures and ascertain the gaps in knowledge on Childhood Immunization in Africa. There has been increasing emphasis on preventive care, which has resulted in systematic differences in the success of practices for child immunization. Results indicate a high incidence of immunization practice among the households. Immunization for children is the effective, safe and efficient public health interventions to prevent childhood morbidity and mortality. This review found that most men have good knowledge, positive attitude with poor practice and involvement of immunization. There is a need to increase awareness about the benefits and importance of vaccination, as well as the harmful consequences of non-complete immunization.
A Systematic Review on Hypertension and its Management
(International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research, 2022) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Byamungu Pahari Kagenderezo; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu
Hypertension is a public health problem which has cut across all spheres of life and walks of life. From the literature review, the researcher has found that most hypertensive patients are less engaged in healthy behaviours because of knowledge deficit. The literature reviews also indicated that gender, age, level of education, lifestyle, and compliance to treatment regimen had significant association with healthy behaviours in patients with hypertension.
A systematic review on Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aurous in patients with surgical wounds
(International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research, 2022) Chidimma Maureen Chukwueze; Ogochukwu Vivian Okpala; Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu
MRSA is defined by the presence of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec); which is a large mobile genetic element that carries the mecA gene which codes for an alternative form of penicillin binding protein (PBP2a). Staphylococcus aureus developed resistance to this type of β-lactam antibiotics by acquiring the mecA gene which is carried on the SCC mec element described earlier. Strains which carry this mecA gene are known as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), even though they are actually resistant to all β lactam based antibiotics. Historically, Staphylococcus aureus has been known to develop antimicrobial resistance to most antimicrobials rapidly. The bacteria developed resistance to penicillin only a year after the introduction of penicillin into clinical use. It is now estimated that 90%–95% of Staphylococcus aureus strains worldwide are resistant to penicillin. The resistance exhibited by MRSA to most antibiotics imply that treatment for suspected or verified severe Staphylococcus aureus infections, including common skin and wound infections, must rely on second line drugs.
Abnormal Lipid Profile Level in Neonates and Possible Development of Atherosclerosis in Adulthood: Mini Review
(International Digital Organization for Scientific Research, 2024) Mathias Abiodun Emokpae; Timothy God-Giveth Olusegun; Oluwasina Moses Egbeyemi; Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu
The lipid profile during the neonatal period plays a pivotal role in determining the future risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. Abnormal lipid levels in neonates have been associated with an increased propensity for the development of atherosclerosis later in life. This review aims to explore the significance of abnormal lipid profiles in neonates and their potential implications for the development of atherosclerosis in adulthood. The discussion encompasses the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism in early life, the impact of various factors on lipid levels in neonates, and the long-term consequences of abnormal lipid profiles. Understanding the relationship between neonatal lipid profiles and the risk of atherosclerosis in adulthood is crucial for developing preventive strategies and interventions aimed at reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases in later life. This review synthesizes idea from existing literature to provide insights into the importance of early lipid assessment and its implications for long-term cardiovascular health.
Advancements in Immune Augmentation Strategies for HIV Patients
(IAA Journal of Biological Sciences, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Esther Ugo Alum; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu
The management of HIV has witnessed a transformative shift owing to innovative approaches aimed at bolstering immune status in affected individuals. The landscape of HIV treatment has undergone a profound transformation with the emergence of innovative approaches dedicated to fortifying the immune status of individuals living with the virus. This abstract provides a succinct yet comprehensive overview of groundbreaking strategies aimed at augmenting immune health in HIV patients. Encompassing advancements in immunotherapy, personalized medicine, lifestyle modifications, and telemedicine, this overview highlights the promising trajectory and potential impact of these novel interventions in the realm of HIV care. By exploring the multifaceted dimensions of immune enhancement strategies, this abstract sets the stage for a deeper understanding of these innovative approaches and their pivotal role in shaping the future of HIV management
Advancements in Immune Augmentation Strategies for HIV Patients
(Journal of Biological Sciences, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Esther Ugo Alum; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu9
The management of HIV has witnessed a transformative shift owing to innovative approaches aimed at bolstering immune status in affected individuals. The landscape of HIV treatment has undergone a profound transformation with the emergence of innovative approaches dedicated to fortifying the immune status of individuals living with the virus. This abstract provides a succinct yet comprehensive overview of groundbreaking strategies aimed at augmenting immune health in HIV patients. Encompassing advancements in immunotherapy, personalized medicine, lifestyle modifications, and telemedicine, this overview highlights the promising trajectory and potential impact of these novel interventions in the realm of HIV care. By exploring the multifaceted dimensions of immune enhancement strategies, this abstract sets the stage for a deeper understanding of these innovative approaches and their pivotal role in shaping the future of HIV management.
Advancements in Myeloid Leukemia Treatment: A Comprehensive Update
(Journal of Biological Sciences, 2023) Hauwa Ali Buhari; Salisu, Muhammad; Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu
This comprehensive update explores the recent advancements in the treatment landscape of myeloid leukemia. Myeloid leukemia, a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies, poses significant challenges in clinical management. This review highlights the latest therapeutic approaches, including targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and emerging treatment modalities. It discusses the impact of precision medicine, novel drug developments, and the evolving role of immunotherapy in managing myeloid leukemia. Furthermore, the abstract outlines current research trends, challenges, and future prospects, aiming to provide a concise overview for healthcare professionals and researchers involved in leukemia management.
Advances in Laboratory Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Gilbert Disease
(IAA Journal of Scientific Research, 2024) Nkiruka R Ukibe; Chioma Theresa Onwe; C.E. Onah; Ezinne G. Ukibe; Blessing C. Ukibe; Victory Ezennia Ukibe; Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu
Gilbert’s syndrome (GS) is an extensively mild condition characterized by periods of elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood. The bilirubin is an orange yellowish tinted molecule which is produced when red blood cells are broken down and this substance is eliminated from the body only after it undergoes bio-transformation in the liver which converts unconjugated bilirubin to conjugated bilirubin. When the level of unconjugated bilirubin increases beyond a determined point, the bilirubin pigment starts to discolour the cornea of the eyes (making them to appear light yellow) and with higher levels the skin may also turn to yellow (jaundice). Gilbert’s syndrome also known as constitutional hepatic dysfunction and familial non haemolytic jaundice. People with Gilbert’s syndrome have an inherited abnormality that causes reduced production of an enzyme involved in processing of bilirubin. A presumptive diagnosis of Gilbert’s syndrome is made when unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is noted on several occasions.
Advances in Laboratory Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Gilbert Disease: A Comprehensive Review
(Journal of Scientific Research, 2024) Nkiruka R Ukibe; Chioma Theresa Onwe; C.E. Onah1 Ezinne G. Ukibe; Blessing C. Ukibe; Victory Ezennia Ukibe; Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu
Gilbert’s syndrome (GS) is an extensively mild condition characterized by periods of elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood. The bilirubin is an orange yellowish tinted molecule which is produced when red blood cells are broken down and this substance is eliminated from the body only after it undergoes bio-transformation in the liver which converts unconjugated bilirubin to conjugated bilirubin. When the level of unconjugated bilirubin increases beyond a determined point, the bilirubin pigment starts to dis colour the cornea of the eyes (making them to appear light yellow) and with higher levels the skin may also turn to yellow (jaundice). Gilbert’s syndrome also known as constitutional hepatic dysfunction and familial non hemolytic jaundice. People with Gilbert’s syndrome have an inherited abnormality that causes reduced production of an enzyme involved in processing of bilirubin. A presumptive diagnosis of Gilbert’s syndrome is made when unconjugated hyper bilirubin anemia is noted on several occasions
Advances in Laboratory Diagnosis and Clinical Management ofGilbert Disease :A Comprehensive Review
(IAA Journal of Scientific Research, 2024-06-01) Nkiruka R Ukibe; Chioma Theresa Onwe; C.E. Onah Ezinne G Ukibe; Blessing C.Ukibe; Victory Ezennia Ukibe; Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu
Gilbert’s syndrome (GS) is an extensively mild condition characterized by periods of elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood. The bilirubin is an orange yellowish tinted molecule which is produced when red blood cells are broken down and this substance is eliminated from the body only after it undergoes bio-transformation in the liver which converts unconjugated bilirubin to conjugated bilirubin. When the level of unconjugated bilirubin increases beyond a determined point, the bilirubin pigment starts to discolour the cornea of the eyes (making them to appear light yellow) and with higher levels the skin may also turn to yellow (jaundice). Gilbert’s syndrome also known as constitutional hepatic dysfunction and familial non haemolytic jaundice. People with Gilbert’s syndrome have an inherited abnormality that causes reduced production of an enzyme involved in processing of bilirubin. A
An assessment of the immune status of some stone quarry workers in Ondo state, Nigeria
(Medicine, 2024) Samson O. Onemu; Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Adeniyi Adewumi Popoola; Michael A. Osuntuyi; Clement N. Isibor
Stone quarry activities in Nigeria are mostly unregulated such that the workers in these quarries are continuously exposed to the inhalation of silica dust. It has been observed that silica dust particles negatively impact the health of stone quarry workers which usually manifest as respiratory difficulties, asthma-like illnesses and other adventitious events of the lungs. The study was to evaluate the probable immunological impact of silica dust inhalation from stone crushing by workers. Blood samples were collected from consenting workers and analyzed for total white blood cells and their subsets. Absolute CD4 cells numbers were also determined. The results indicated that neutrophils and eosinophils numbers increased significantly (P < .05) and CD4 counts declined significantly (P < .001). Alteration in these proportions is a pointer to the injurious impact of silica dust on the immune system of these workers. The findings in this study should spur actions in the education of these workers on the need for the use of proper personal protection equipment and the establishment of a scheme to periodically carry out a health assessment check to identity those at most risk of developing chronic illnesses.
An Insight of Interleukin -6 and Fibrinogen: In Regulating the Immune System
(Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 2022) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Emmanuel Muhimbura; Byamungu Pahari; Kagenderezo; Sarah Nakyeyune; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu
The role of the liver as a critical part of the immune system involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. As a major source of acute phase proteins, including components of the complement system. Hepatocytes are an important part of innate immunity and play an important role in controlling inflammatory responses throughout the body. Acute-phase protein production in hepatocytes is controlled by various cytokines released during the inflammatory process, with IL-6 and IL-1 type cytokines acting as key regulators, cascading and synergistic regulation or it functions as a cascade network with inhibition. Effects on acute-phase protein expression. The pro inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 is an endogenous biochemical active during B cell maturation and inflammatory processes. Interleukin-6 plays an important role in regulating acute-phase protein synthesis in human hepatocytes
An Insight of Interleukin -6 and Fibrinogen: In Regulating the Immune System
(Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 2022) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Emmanuel Muhimbura; Byamungu Pahari Kagenderezo; Sarah Nakyeyune; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu
The role of the liver as a critical part of the immune system involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. As a major source of acute phase proteins, including components of the complement system. Hepatocytes are an important part of innate immunity and play an important role in controlling inflammatory responses throughout the body. Acute-phase protein production in hepatocytes is controlled by various cytokines released during the inflammatory process, with IL-6 and IL-1 type cytokines acting as key regulators, cascading and synergistic regulation or it functions as a cascade network with inhibition. Effects on acute-phase protein expression. The pro inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 is an endogenous biochemical active during B cell maturation and inflammatory processes. Interleukin-6 plays an important role in regulating acute-phase protein synthesis in human hepatocytes.