A systematic review on Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aurous in patients with surgical wounds
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research
Abstract
MRSA is defined by the presence of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec); which is a large mobile genetic element that carries the mecA gene which codes for an alternative form of penicillin binding protein (PBP2a). Staphylococcus aureus developed resistance to this type of β-lactam antibiotics by acquiring the mecA gene which is carried on the SCC mec element described earlier. Strains which carry this mecA gene are known as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), even though they are actually resistant to all β lactam based antibiotics. Historically, Staphylococcus aureus has been known to develop antimicrobial resistance to most antimicrobials rapidly. The bacteria developed resistance to penicillin only a year after the introduction of penicillin into clinical use. It is now estimated that 90%–95% of Staphylococcus aureus strains worldwide are resistant to penicillin. The resistance exhibited by MRSA to most antibiotics imply that treatment for suspected or verified severe Staphylococcus aureus infections, including common skin and wound infections, must rely on second line drugs.