Master of Science Degree in Physics

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https://testir.kiu.ac.ug/handle/20.500.12306/6596

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    Comparison of biogas characteristics produced from cow dung and pig dung:
    (Kampala International University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, 2015-08) Ounyesiga, Living
    Biogas is a mixture of approximately 45-70% methane and 25-40% carbon dioxide and other gases are in small amounts such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, water vapor, and trace elements of hydrogen sulphide and carbon monoxide. The over-dependence on fossil fuels as primary energy source has led to myriads of problems such as global climatic change, environmental degradation and various human health problems. Moreover, the current rise in oil and natural gas prices has called for this research to have alternative energy sources. This study has investigated the characteristics of biogas produced from cow dung and from pig dung; a case study at Uganda Martyrs Secondary School, Kayunga The objective of this research was to compare the characteristics of biogas produced from cow dung and that produced from pig dung The selected substrates were mixed with water in the ratio 1:1 before feeding and checked for stones or other unnecessary materials. The mixture was then placed in the 90 litre digester. Each set up had a thermometer to monitor temperature changes. The measurements that were taken on the biogas produced included the following methane percentage content, carbon dioxide percentage content, oxygen percentage content ,hydrogen sulphide(pprn), and carbon monoxide(ppm). Maximum productivity of methane was obtained from the mixture of 30 kg pig dung and 30 litres of water and it was 52.2%which occurred on day 23 of digestion. Biogas produced from cow dung attained the maximum value of 48.6% on day 22.The production of methane was also hindered by rain fall at area of study , temperature, trace gases such as hydrogen sulphide which limited the methane producing bacteria.
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    Performance evaluation of grid-connected PV system in Katsina State, Nigeria
    (2016-05) Magaji, Abdulkadir
    This study analyzes and compares the simulated performance of a 3.2 kWp grid-connected photovoltaic system. The system is located within coordinate of 12°15’N 7°30’E, at Government Day Secondary School Kofan Yandaka Katsina State Nigeria. The system consists of 14 Mono crystalline silicon modules connected in two strings of 7 series connected modules, each facing north at a fixed tilt of 20° .The simulation is performed using Meteonorm generated weather data. The performance of the system was simulated using PVsol software using Meteonorm derived climate data sets (solar radiation, ambient temperature and wind speed). The reference yield value obtained in this study was 1907.7 kWh and the average energy yield value is 1437 kWh. The average monthly performance ratio is 75% which is slightly lower than the one reported at Port Elizabeth, South Africa but comparable the value of 74% reported at Khatkar- Kalan, India.