Masters of Arts in Economics
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- ItemAgricultural Credit and Farm Productivity in Bichi Local Government, Kano State, Nigeria(Kampala International University, mastersl of Arts in economics, 2016-09) Aliyu Ibrahim, BichiThis study set out to investigate the impact of agricultural credit on farm productivity for export in Bichi Local Government, Kano State, Nigeria. The study was guided by the following objectives: i) to determine the level of farm productivity in Bichi local government, Kano State, Nigeria, ii) to find out the common challenges faced by the local farmers in accessing agricultural credit from commercial banks in Bichi local government, and iii) to assess the effect of agricultural credit on the level of farm productivity in Bichi local government. The study used a sample size of 359 respondents. OLS regression was used to determine the effect of agricultural credit on farm productivity. The study revealed a high level of farm productivity with a yield as high as 60,000kg per 20 hectares of land. In addition to that, the study revealed a significant effect of agricultural credit on farm productivity (purpose of loan; r0.668**, p<0•05; loan amount, r=0.648, p
- ItemAgricultural credit and farm productivity in Bichi local Government, Kano State, Nigeria(Kampala International University, College of Economics & Management, 2016-09) Aliyu, Ibrahim; BichiThis study set out to investigate the impact of agricultural credit on farm productivity for export in Bichi Local Government, Kano State, Nigeria. The study was guided by the following objectives: i) to determine the level of farm productivity in Bichi local government, Kano State, Nigeria, ii) to find out the common challenges faced by the local farmers in accessing agricultural credit from commercial banks in Bichi local government, and iii) to assess the effect of agricultural credit on the level of farm productivity in Bichi local government. The study used a sample size of 359 respondents. OLS regression was used to determine the effect of agricultural credit on farm productivity. The study revealed a high level of farm productivity with a yield as high as 60,000kg per 20 hectares of land. In addition to that, the study revealed a significant effect of agricultural credit on farm productivity (purpose of loan; r0.668**, p
- ItemBalance of payment and economic growth in Uganda (1985-2019)(Kampala International University,College Of Economics And Management, 2022-05) Abdisalan, Aden MohamedThis paper explores the impact of balance of payments on economic growth in Uganda. The objectives of the paper was to establish the connection between the balance of payments and economic growth in Uganda , to examine the effect of export on economic growth in Uganda and to find out the effect of import on economic growth in Uganda. Secondary data was gathered from the World Bank and international monetary fund (IMF) from 1985 to 2019. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test were used to test for stationarity, the results reveal that all the variables were statistically significant after first differencing also the study found that ther is cointegration using ARDL method. The study concludes that balance of payment and import are statistically significance while export is not significant. The study recommended that the imports of Uganda were high though significant in growth need to be checked through establishment of import substitutions industries to reduce imports, this is because the presence of imports lead to depreciation of the Ugandan currency hence imports substitution policy will strengthen the currency of Uganda. There is need for the development of the exports for the country, exports were insignificant and hence seem to be low. The quality of the exports needs to be enhanced and the functionality of the country export system need to be developed
- ItemCommunication Infrastructure and Economic Empowerment of People of Rukara Sector in Kayonza District, Rwanda(Kampala International University, Master of Arts in Economics, 2013-12) Ruhirwa Rutonesha, AsheriThis study determined the relationship between communication infrastructure and economic empowerment of people Rukara Sector in Kayonza District in Rwanda. To achieve this main purpose of the study, three research objectives were set and these included: to determine the level of communication infrastructure; to determine the level of economic empowerment of people; and to establish whether there is significant relationship between communication infrastructure and economic empowerment of people. The design that was used in this study was descriptive correlation and the study sample size was 184 and this was derived from the population of 340 through Slovene's formula. Systematic random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select respondents. Self-administered questionnaires were used in this study. The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were established using Content validity Index and pretesting. All ethical considerations were also highly valued in this study. Data analysis was done by the use of mean, frequencies, percentage and both correlation and regression analyses were done so as to establish relationship between the study variables. The research findings indicated that the level of communication infrastructure in Rukara Sector is generally high (mean =2.62); the level of economic empowerment of people was also found to be high (mean=2.63); there is significant relationship between communication infrastructure and economic empowerment of people in Rukara Sectors (r. value of 0.986; R2 value of 0.973; F. ratio of 6.554E3; Beta of 0.986 and a very small level of significance of 0.000). It was concluded that the there is a significant relationship between communication infrastructure and economic empowerment of people. It was also recommended that the government and other development partners work together and increase funding and resource allocation for development of communication infrastructure as a way of improving economic empowerment of people.
- ItemCredit and Agricultural Productivity among Farmers in Gwarzo Local Government Area of Kano State, Nigeria(Kampala international international : College of Economics and Management, 2019-06) Hamidan, Bello HarrisThis study focused on Credit and Agricultural Productivity among farmers in Gwarzo Local Government Area, of Kano State, Nigeria. The study was guided by the Structural Change Theory formulated by W .Arthur Lewis in 1950s. The study had the following as objectives : to determine the relationship between access to agricultural credit and farmers productivity; to determine the level of agricultural productivity in relation to agricultural credit and to determine the relationship between utilisation of agricultural credit and the level of agricultural productivity among farmers in Gwarzo local government area of Kano State Nigeria. Besides, the study opted for a Descriptive survey design approach with a target Population of 1000 respondents consisting of 850 local farmers and 150 members of Farmers Association operating in the area. The sample size of 285 was obtained by using the Slovene’s formula. Closed ended questionnaire, structured individual interview and focused group discussions were the instrument of data collection used. Data was analysed using Descriptive Statistics, Pearson Linear Correlation Coefficient as well as Content Analysis. Based on the findings from the study, it was revealed that, farm land are personally owned by the farmers, thus, leading to difficulties in harvesting the entire land due to unavailability of sufficient funding. Equally, it has been discovered that lack of access to agricultural credit has negative consequences on the level of productivity among farmers. In some instances where the farmers have access to the credit, it has been discovered that there is adequate utilisation of the facility. However, the study recommends that, there is the need for more intervention from agricultural financial institutions to complement the ones currently in operation. It is also recommended that such agricultural financial institutions should have direct connection with the rural farmers for easy access, supervision and control of the facility for improved utilisation and increase in agricultural productivity among farmers.
- ItemThe determinants of poverty in the Urban West Region of Zanzibar(Kampala International University, College of Economics and management, 2010-12) Kombo, Mussa A.This study focused on the determinants of poverty in the Urban West region of Zanzibar. It sought to find out the poverty levels and its average whether it is high, low or very low and finally the government initiatives and programmes in poverty eradication. The researcher used primary and secondary sources of literature in his review. These were books, journals, magazines, reports and first hand from experts which were relating to poverty. The research report adopted a descriptive longitudinal survey design. The sample size was 210 selected from 460 households of whom 190 were randomly sampled and 20 were purposively sampled from the administrators and the elders. Krejcie and Morgan table was cited by Amin, (2005). The findings of the study show that there is eminent presence of poverty in urban west region and there are few government initiatives to address this problem in the area. There is need for radical structural adjustments and reforms to ensure stable economy and development in the long run. Finally, the study recommended that urban west region must have structural adjustments in its institutions to take immediate effect on those determinants of poverty having the highest weighted levels of the others.
- ItemEffect of inflation on budget deficit in Uganda (1991-2016)(Kampala International University, College of Economics and Management, 2019-05) Abdirahman, Said HassanThe study sought to establish the effect of inflation on budget deficit in Uganda 1991- 2016. The factors identified in the study are Budget Deficit Rate, Interest Rate, Inflation Rate, Foreign Exchange, foreign Direct Investment and Gross Domestic Product The theory that was guiding this study is the Neoclassical theory The reason behind conducting this study was the increment of inflation at a decreasing rate. The study used quantitative data in form of secondary data from Uganda for a 25 years’ period from 1991 to 2016. All the data was expressed in terms of percentages and co integration design was considered appropriate as it enables the establishment of the long run relationship among the variables. The short run effect of inflation on budget deficit has been conducted by using ECM. Under co-integration the findings were showing a presence of a long run relationship in the variables in the study and for the short run there was negative and significant relationship between Inflation and Budget Deficit. from the findings, the researcher concluded that the effect of inflation on budget deficit depends on how the funds financing the deficit were used, if it was used for development purposes then it would have a positive one on the budget deficit but if it is for meeting the recurrent expenditures then there would be a negative relationship between the two. The study recommends that Uganda should broaden and manage efficiently the tax base in order to finance their expenditure adequately and help increase the multiplier that further generate output hence reduces budget deficit incidents. The study also recommends that Uganda should create more revenue sources to increase the income to reduce dependence on developed countries and also to create conducive environment for more opportunities. The study contributes that there is a need for Ugandan government to support the growth in the real sectors of the economy such as the agricultural sector and manufacturing sector by encouraging investors to have access to investable funds from banks; as suggested by ala virao’, a and athawale, s. (2015) in their study the impact of inflation on budget deficit in the Islamic republic of Iran so that incidents of budget deficit is checked
- ItemThe effect of interest rates on private local investments in Uganda, an empirical investigation (1 997-2006):(Kampala International University, College of Economics & management., 2007-10) Wairindi, DanielThe Uganda investment climate has been unstable since independence, with slow but growing levels of private investment. Thanks to the ERP of 1987 and the eventual enactment of the UIA Code Act of 1991, private investment in Uganda entered a new and more promising phase. The factors that have been at play as have been identified by earlier studies are both socio-economic and political in nature. However, in order to understand the actual determinants of PLI in Uganda, there’s need to descend down to the role interest rates play in this equation. This study therefore analyses the effect of interest rates on private local investments in Uganda. Panel data as well as time series data collected over the period 1997-2006 across five selected local firms was used. The major purpose of this research therefore was to establish the major factors determining private local investment in Uganda from 1997-2006. The study is based on the Keynesian and Neoclassical theories of investment. Both theories emphasize the key role played by the cost of capital and the level of profitability of an investment project in the investment function. This study is a non-experimental quantitative research based on a sample survey form research design. The research was carried out on local firms within Kampala. While some of the individual effects of the independent Variables like that of interest rates and cost of utilities are found to be negligible, the overall analysis is that all the independent variables have at least an effect on private local investment. The marginal effects of retained profits and taxes paid were 0.42 and 0.66 respectively while those of Interest rates and cost of utilities were - 0.02 and -0.01 respectively. The hypotheses tested in regard to this study were all found significant at a one percent level of significance and save for interest rates that were significant in the model only at 30 percent. The joint significance test using the Chi-square test found all parameter estimates significant at a one percent level of significance. The econometric results suggest that retained profits, as opposed to interest rates, play a major role in the investment function. The results also reveal that local investors are capable of supporting the economy if given an enabling environment. Therefore what the government ought to do is to provide a leveled playing field where both the private local and foreign investors are able to compete fairly. The research work was categorized into five chapters which have been presented as follows; the first chapter provides for the introduction to the study. Chapter two focuses itself on the literature review; and chapter three addresses itself to the aspect of research methodology. Data presentation, analysis and interpretation of results and findings have been done under chapter four, in chapter five is found the discussion, conclusion and policy recommendations to enable the effective utilization of the research findings.
- ItemThe effectiveness of problem based learning approach on the Academic performance of the economics students of Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda(Kampala International University, College of Economics and Management, 2006-11) Kyolaba, Sarah; DianahThe study dwelt into the Effectiveness of Problem Based Learning Approach on the Academic Performance of the first year students of economics, of Kampala international university. The study aimed at examining the mean scores in both the pre-test and posttest for both experimental and the control group, whether there is a significant mean posttest gain, and asses whether there is a significant difference in the mean post-test gain in both experimental and control group. A test questionnaire was used as the research instrument of the study to measure the knowledge. The quasi experimental method was used. The prepared t-test was used to determine significant differences between the pretest and the posttest results of the students in terms of knowledge. The independent t-test was utilized in the evaluation of the significant differences between differences of learning employing the two methods of teaching. The findings revealed that the posttest mean result of the problem based learning approach in terms of knowledge was higher compared to the conventional method. The mean posttest gain in the scores of the students in the experimental group was 73.84 higher to that of the control group which was 71.28 in terms of knowledge of the s,ubject (economics) There was no significant difference in the pretest result of the students in the two methods of teaching employed. There was no significant difference in the increase of the posttest gain scores of the students between the two groups. Based on the findings of the study, it is concluded that the problem based learning approach did not significantly increase the students’ posttest scores in the knowledge in economics. It was highly recommended that problem based learning be used as a method of teaching along side the conventional approach in subjects like mathematics, economics, physics and other related subjects, that will develop the totality of the learner equip with. their knowledge of the chosen car.
- ItemAn Evaluation of the Role of the Investment Code Act, 1991, In Promoting, Facilitating and Supervising Investment in Uganda(Kampala International University, masters of Arts in economics, 2011-10) Charles Chidozie, AjaegbuThe study investigates the effect of investment promotion, facilitation and regulation on investments in general and banking as a specific sector in Uganda. Since enactment of the Investment Code Act 1991, there has been no recent serious academic inquiry into the effectiveness of these tools that were put in place. The few studies that exist are very old such as those of Obwona (2000) and Kibikyo (2000). The study uses mostly secondary data and interviews on investments in Uganda. Secondary data and some interviews were used in the research. Analysis was qualitative. The findings show that UIA has been promoting investments through trade fairs, missions abroad and investment conferences since 1991. A number of opportunities exist in the entire economy. Those that have been targeted as priority sectors, however, include agriculture, ICT, Energy, health, education, mining and services such as tourism and finance. In terms of countries, UIA has targeted UK, USA, Kenya (EAC), South Africa, India, China, UAE and Singapore. Problems abound, however. UIA neither provided investors important investment information like geological data and mineral targets that could be used, as a basis for attracting serious investors nor extension services, training and mining equipment. Also, although Tour/cm is number three on the fist of the national primary growth areas of the newly released National Development Plan (NDP) Coming after agriculture and forest,~ it got a miserable amount from the budget. Based on the number of firms licensed, therefore, the promotion efforts were effective between 1991 and 1995, but since then other factors have determined FDI such as the discovery of oil in the Albertine region and the credit crunch of the 2009. With facilitation, while protection of FDI was in place, the problems associated with the licensing of investors as well as the physical infrastructure in the country needed tackling to impact on FDI inflow. As such, facilitation impacted on FDI inflow in a mixed manner. With the exception of protection, including the swift and equitable resolution of Investment disputes, Uganda fared badly as far facilitation was concerned. First, Unlike Rwanda where an entrepreneur goes through only two procedures in three days to start a business, in Uganda an investor goes through 18 procedures in 25 days. Uganda was ranked 112th out of 183 world economies surveyed on the ease of doing business
- ItemExchange rate fluctuations and prices of consumer goods in Uganda 1995-2005(Kampala International University, College of Economics and Management, 2006-11) Kihuuka, MuhammadThis study intended to explore the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on of consumer goods in Uganda for the period 1995-2005. Exchange rate fluctuations impact negatively the macro economic variables like employment, investment, inflation, consumer’s standards of living, traders and government popularity. This calls for immediate investigation to find out with empirical evidence how much such fluctuations affect these economic variables, specifically prices of consumer goods. The study investigated on movements in exchange rates, the consumer price index, price of food crops, prices of imports and exports, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), money supply and rainfall. A model was constructed and regressions were run. The Pearson’s correlation test was used to test the relationship between the variables. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation technique was applied to times series data for the period 1995-2005. Computer packages like EXCELL, SPSS and STATA were used in data processing. The research tested the general hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between exchange rate movements and the above explanatory variables. The findings indicate that using monthly data, Nominal Exchange Rate is positively related to the general price level, food crop prices and the price of imports, but negatively related with the price of exports and rainfall. Thus a one unit increase in the nominal exchange rate increases the general price level by 0.033, import price by 0.010 and reduces export prices by 0.069. Nominal Effective Exchange rate Increases food crop prices by 15.794. Results further indicate that a one percent increase in the price of import increase the general price level by 0.209. A one percent increase in the price of exports increase the general price level by 0.144 and a one percent increase in rainfall reduces the price level by 0.011. The researcher recommends that in order to improve people’s welfare, increase trader’s profits and have relative price and exchange rate stability the government should implement policies to reduce fluctuations and maintain relative exchange r’ate stability, increase exports to increase foreign exchange in the country, carry out trade liberalization, privatization and exchange rate depreciation with a lot of care to avoid damaging the nationals. Maintaining a managed float exchange rate system other than a free float. Bank of Uganda should improve on data collection especially regarding foreign exchange.
- ItemExternal debt and economic growth in Tanzania: 1985-2019(Kampala International University, College of economics and management, 2023-07) Abdirashid, Abdalla; Sheikh, AliThis study empirically examined the impact of external debt on economic growth in Tanzania from 1985 to 2019. It was driven by three specific objectives; Long-term, short-term and direction of causality between external debt and economic growth in Tanzania. The study used time series data between 1985 and 2019 from the World Development Indicators Dataset. The study used ADF's unit root test procedure to examine the stationarity properties of the time series; The results of the unit root test suggested that only external debt is stationary at the level and exports at the second difference, while all other variables in the model are stationary at the first difference. Using Autoregressive Distribted Lag (ARDL), the study applied cointegration to the variables and estimated the long-run ARDL cointegration test, which indicated that there was cointegrating equations implying the existence of a long-run relationship between external debt and economic growth. The study also applied the variable test by Error Correction Model (ECM) to the variables and estimated the short-run relationship between external debt and economic growth. The ECT is statistically significant with the coefficient of -0.715301, indicating that the short-term regression, the delayed error correction term (ECT_1) included in the model to capture the long-term dynamics between cointegrating series is correctly signed (negative). This means that real GDP adjusts to equilibrium by almost 72 percent in one year. Using the Granger causality test, the study also found that GDP can be used to predict external debt, but the reverse is not true. This implies that the relationship between external debt and economic growth in Tanzania over the period 1985-2019 is a one-way or unidirectional relationship. Multiple regression analysis was used to capture the impact of external debt and economic growth. The result of the regression analysis shows the that external debt has a positive effect on economic growth, where an increase in external debt by 0.091715 units leads to an increase in economic growth (GDP) and is statistically significant. In conclusion, the study concludes that external debt is not a burden but a blessing for Tanzania and recommends that external financing should be used in the long-term as a complement rather than a substitute for internal savings.
- ItemExternal debt stock and economic growth in Somalia (1991-2016)(Kampala International University, College of Economics and Management, 2019-04) Farah, Abdisamad MohamedThe study aimed at investigating the relationship between the external debt stock and economic growth in Somalia (1991 to 2016). For the fact Somalia has an estimated 5.5 billion dollars outstanding, due to many reasons, but the socio-economic indicators of the country show that it has contributed a little or almost nothing to the overall GDP, and continues to dwindle. This report was guided by two major specific objectives and they were; to find out the long run relationship between the external debt stock and economic growth in Somalia (1991-2016), to determine if there is a short run effect of external debt stock on economic growth in Somalia (1991-2016). The study was carried out using secondary data spanning from 1991 to 2016. Augmented Dickey- Fuller (ADF) and Phillip Perron (PP) tests were carried out on all variables in the study in which all of them were found to be stationary at first difference~ Co-integration results of Trace and Maximum Eigen-value showed that there is a long run relationship between external debt stock and economic growth in Somalia for the period 1991-2016.An Error Correction Model (ECM) encompassing all the variables was developed to help assess how external debt stock affect economic growth in the short run, it showed that external debt stock negatively affects the economic growth. This implies that when external debt increases economic growth reduces. Thus, the study concluded that, the problem of high external debt stock is associated with inadequate debt management; borrowing for social and political reasons; poor performance of export sector to increase foreign exchange earnings; and lack of transparent loan cycles to make projects compete for the scarce resources. Based on the above-mentioned results, the study recommends that the government should further promote the rational and proper utilization of resources, while increasing the concessionality of newly acquired debt inflows. To this end, measures should be taken to encourage non-borrowed funds, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), portfolio investment and non-government guaranteed private debts. Finally, in order to mitigate the crowding out effect of external debt, Somalia should strive to benefit from additional debt reduction schemes, and vigorous pursuit of an export expansion policy. This study contributes that complete avoidance of external debt as a means of financing budget deficits is not the case. As a matter of fact, given the low level of economic growth in Somalia caused by the low levels of income and the generally high incidence of poverty, the country has few prospects to source sufficient resources for development internally. This provides a sound argument for a conscious and carefully planned schedule of acquisition, deployment and retirement of foreign loans contracted for development projects.
- ItemFiscal deficit and economic growth in Uganda(Kampala International University,College of Economics and Management, 2011-09) Muhereza, T.; FranklinThe study focused on fiscal deficit and economic growth in Uganda and it considered data for the last two decades (1992-2010). It was guided by the following research objectives; the level of fiscal deficit in Uganda, the level of economic growth in Uganda and the relationship between fiscal deficit and economic growth in Uganda. The study undertook descriptive correlation research design that largely suits quantitative and qualitative research design and was ExPost facto. However, the study was cross sectional because it undertook a short period of time and cluster random sampling procedure was also used. The data was analyzed using percentage distribution tables and the strength of the relationship between the variables was established using regression analysis. The findings revealed that since 1992 to 2010 the level of fiscal deficit has increased and this is explained by increasing budget deficit and that the level of economic growth has also been increasing due to increased public and private investments. The findings further revealed that a unit change in fiscal deficit influences economic growth by 13.3268 billion and that when fiscal deficit is zero (0), economic growth will have a constant which is the y-intercept= -407.4699, results from Pearson correlation reveals that there exists a strong relationship between fiscal deficit and economic growth since the correlation between the variables is O.9403(94%). The findings further revealed that Government spending is the major determinant of fiscal deficit and economic growth in Uganda and that fiscal deficit and expenditures are highly and internally correlated at 0.9518(95.18%). It was concluded that at univariate level fiscal deficit leads to an increase in economic growth and at bivariet level the results are in agreement with John Maynard Keynes’ theory of Government spending. The recommendations of the study were; Uganda must decisively address the increasing petty corruption, Uganda must also maximize social benefits through massive investment and prudent macro economic management
- ItemFood production, arable land size and population growth in Uganda from 1990 to 2010(Kampala International University, College of Economics, 2011-09) Wakiku, FredThis study set out to investigate the relationship between food production, arable land and population growth. The objectives of this study were; to examine the relationship between Food Production, Arable Land Size and population growth in Uganda, determine the level of food production in Uganda from 1990 to 2010, determine the level of arable land size in Uganda from 1990 to 2010, and the level of population growth in Uganda from 1990 to 2010. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design since it examined data for a short time; it was also a descriptive-correlation and expost facto. The Population of this study was the published and non published reports on the variables of the study from 1990 to 2010. The study targeted annual reports by the semi autonomous bodies. The study found out that the level of food production has been increasing since 1990 to 2010. It also revealed that population has been increasing linearly since 1990 to 2010. The level land was also increasing although in some years it was static. The study established a significant relationship at 0.05 level of significant between; Food production and population growth, Food production and Arable land size, and Arable land Size and Population growth. Basing on the findings the researcher recommended government cooperation with local Non-Governmental Organizations with activities related to land, agriculture, food security and population, strengthening the existing policies concerning population, food and land use.
- ItemForeign Direct Investment and Unemployment Rate in Uganda (1991-2017)(Kampala international international : College of Economics and Management, 2019-07) Ibrahin, Abdi Sheikh NurThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of foreign direct investment on unemployment rate in Uganda from 1991 -2017. It was driven by two major objectives, which are to investigate if there is casual relationship between foreign direct investment and unemployment rate in Uganda and to examine the effect of foreign direct investment on unemployment rate in Uganda. The study used time series data in between 1991 to 2017 from the World Bank and Uganda Bureau of statistics and also both correlation and regression analysis statistical tools were employed to investigate and explain the effect of foreign direct investment on unemployment rate in Uganda using FDI as independent variable and unemployment rate as dependent variable. In this study it was found that FDI has a negative impact on unemployment. On average, this study concludes that unemployment has been decreasing from 1991 to 2017.The study also shows the FDI has been generally increasing in the recent years though with a lot of fluctuation. The correlation analysis showed that unemployment is negatively related to FDI implying that when FDI increases, unemployment decreases. According to the findings, the study suggests to encourage foreign direct investment in Uganda, because FDI regarded as the key factor that reduces unemployment of the country. Foreign direct investment FDI should be encouraged towards the industrial sector and more especially agricultural sector of the economy since agriculture is the backbone of the Uganda’s an economy. This study contributes that as a departure from the previous studies, firstly extra variables are included in this study. Secondly, ECM procedure was used to depict the speed of adjustment after a shock.
- ItemForeign exchange rate and economic growth of Kenya (1987 - 2019)(Kampala International University, College of Education and Management, 2022-05) Abdullahi, Dirie AhmedThe purpose of the study was to assess the effect of foreign exchange rate on economic growth of Kenya (1987 to 2019). The objectives were to determine the trend of foreign exchange rate and economic growth of Kenya, establish the short run relationship between foreign exchange rate and economic growth of Kenya and examine the long run relationship between foreign exchange rate and economic growth of Kenya. The study was an entirely time series analysis were data was analyzed for a period between 1987 to 2019, the study adopted an ex-post facto research design were the analysis was done based on descriptive statistics to measure the level of FER and economic growth and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) to determine the long run relationship between the variables and error correction mechanisms to determine the short-run relationship between the variables. The study results reveal that there was a general increment in the exchange rate of Kenya. The results reveal that every year that passed; the foreign exchange rate for Kenya was generally increasing. The GDP for Kenya was also increasing, compared to the foreign exchange rate, the GDP was both increasing and reducing. Secondly there was a statistically significant relationship between foreign exchange rate and economic growth in the short run. Finally, in the long run still foreign exchange rate had a non-statistically significant relationship with the economic growth of Kenya. The study concludes that the exchange rate depreciation occurred though not so much as in the cases the Kenya currency strengthened. The study revealed that economic growth of Kenya was generally decreasing and increasing secondly concludes that in the short run, the economic growth of Kenya has not been positively affected by the foreign exchange rate changes. The study shows that the prevalence of foreign exchange rate induces the economic growth in the short run thirdly the study concludes that foreign exchange rate can be an avenue for the attainment of the economic growth in Kenya. The study recommends that there is need for development of mechanisms needed for the enhancement of the foreign exchange rate intended to reduce depreciation. Secondly objective reveal that in the short run, there exist a negative relationship between foreign exchange rate and economic growth of Kenya, the study recommend for appropriate mechanisms to enhance the exchange rate, thirdly robust currency stabilization framework aimed at mitigating high exchange rate fluctuations to promote exports in Kenya hence export earnings. The government needs to seek ways of reducing the volatility of the Kenyan shilling exchange rate.
- ItemGovernment policy and performance of small business enterprises in Bossaso District, Puntland Somalia(Kampala International University, College of Economics & management., 2012-08) Abshir, Mohamed AbshirThe study intended to establish how various government policies correlate with various dimensions of ventures performance. It also aimed at reviewing literature related to the study variables, identify bridges gaps there in. it also intended to validate the relevant theories on which it is based in perspective of Bosaso context. It therefore intended to test hypothesis, make conclusions and generalization as well as recommendation arising from the empirical finding. The study was guided by the following objectives To examine correlation between the government policies and the performance of small business in Bosaso Puntland State of Somalia. Objectives 1. To determine the profile of small business owners in terms of; i. Gender ii. Education level and area iii. Business area and location iv. Age v. Business form vi. Numbers of employers 6 2. To determine the degree of government policy towards small business owners in Bosaso puntland Somalia. 3. To determine the level of performance of small business in Bosaso Puntland Somalia. 4. To establish whether there is a significance difference in the level of performance of small business owners in Bosaso according to their profile characteristics. 5. To establish whether there is a significance relationship between the degree of government policies among small business and the level of performance of small business enterprise in Bossaso Puntland Somalia.
- ItemHuman capital and labour productivity in the democratic republic of Congo 1980-2014(Kampala International University,College of Economics and Management, 2017-01) Luanda, Baroki; RobertThe DRC has one of the lowest productivity in the world. This is one of probable causes of noninclusive economic growth in the country, with high growth rates recorded since 2009 followed by high poverty rate too. One of determinants of labour productivity is human capital. The human capital augmented So low growth model highlights the crucial role of human capital in the production process. By enhancing labour productivity, human capital matters in improving peoples’ living standard. There is a long literature on the relationship between human capital and labour productivity. This study investigated on that relationship in the DRC by including the health aspect of human capital. The data collected cover the period from 1980 to 2014. Using the OLS estimation method and after correcting for unit root in variables, it was found that human capital has no significant effect on labour productivity in the DRC. Therefore, both hypotheses stating a non-significant relationship between labour productivity and health status on one hand and between labour productivity and education on the other hand were rejected at 5% significance level. That shows a need of improvements in health and education system to make them effective in the production process since their poor quality may be hindering their positive impact. Moreover, physical capital presented a significant impact on labour productivity. An efficient financial sector is needed for saving collection and hence capital accumulation for the improvement of labour productivity and therefore living standard.
- ItemImpact of Public Sector Investments on Economic Growth Of Uganda (1985 - 2016)(Kampala international international : College of Economics and Management, 2019-04) Suleiman, Abdi JamaThe study aimed at investigating the impact of public sector investment on economic growth of Uganda from 1985 to 2016. The specific objectives were to examine the effect of investment education in health investment and transport investment on economic growth the study was carried out using secondary data collected from 1985 to 2016. And was conducted based on ex-post facto research design focusing on time series data. Augmented Dickey- Fuller (ADF), tests result indicate that all the variables are not stationary at level when constant or trend is included in the ADF and PP tests. Since the series are not stationary at level, the variables were difference and once before they became integrated of order one I(1) when constant or constant and trend is included in the ADF and PP tests. The study utilized the Johansen co-integration analysis and the fully-modified Ordinary Least Square regression to ascertain the long-run effect of public sector investments and economic growth
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