Master of Science in Environmental Management

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https://testir.kiu.ac.ug/handle/20.500.12306/1258

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 32
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    Evaluation of Solid Waste Generation in Garowe District Somalia
    (2024-09) Abdimudalib Jamma Nour
    Historically, waste management in Garowe District is marked by traditional practices driven by necessity rather than environmental consciousness. The escalating generation of solid waste in the district poses a pressing challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate solid waste generation and management in the district. The study employed mixed methods with both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Questionnaires were administered to 388 households and interviews were conducted with 5 key informants. Results indicated food scraps as the major constitute of biodegradable waste generated in households, while plastics dominated the non-biodegradable waste stream. On average, each household generated not less than 1 kg per day, and municipal collection services only reach a portion of district residences. Existing waste management efforts focus primarily on collection and disposal with minimal infrastructure for material recovery, recycling, or composting. While most residents expressed willingness to separate organic waste, few households implement home composting due to knowledge gaps and space constraints. The findings reveal significant potential to sustainable waste management by reducing disposal volumes and introducing programs to divert organics and recyclables from dumping sites. Key recommendations include public education, enhancing source segregation, constructing composting and recycling facilities, and better integrating the informal recycling sector. The study provides important baseline data to inform integrated municipal solid waste management planning aligned with local needs while minimizing environmental and public health impacts.
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    Impact of Climate Variability on the Socioeconomic Livelihoods in Arapai Division, Soroti City, Uganda
    (Kampala International University, 2023-10) Ruth, Apio
    Climate change poses a significant threat to our planet, causing natural disasters and affecting the environment, agriculture, economy, and society. This study assessed the impact of climate variability on the socioeconomic livelihood of Arapai Division. Arapai Division is in Soroti City, Teso Sub-region, in Eastern Uganda. The division has a tropical wet and dry, or savanna, climate. The study engaged both qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data. This included the administration of questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, and focus group discussions. The data was collected from 396 respondents and analyzed using Chi-square, correlations, descriptive and Regression also focus group data was analyzed using content analysis. The study revealed that climate variability has a detrimental effect on livelihood, food security, health systems, and labor productivity. The study found out that the people were aware of climate variability and its major events of concern were floods and droughts, which affected crop yields, a major source of livelihood. 13% of people‘s health was impacted by climate variability, with 36.7% recognizing crop diversification as a coping strategy. Based on the findings, the study recommends strengthening of the agricultural sector, diversifying livelihood options, improving health systems, and introducing climate-resilient policies. The study advocates that future research should look into the types of livelihoods that would be most effective and sustainable for the residents of Arapai Soroti.
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    Assessing the Opportunities and Constraints Of adopting Agro-Forestry Practices by Smallholder Farmers in Luwero District, Central Uganda o
    (Kampala International University, 2023-08-07) Ahmed, Ali Hashi
    The study assessed the opportunities and constraints of adopting agro-forestry practices by smallholder farmers in Luwero district, central Uganda. It characterizes the agro-forestry practices undertaken by smallholder farmers in Luwero. It examines the determinants for the adoption of agro-forestry by smallholder farmers. It also ascertains the opportunities for adopting agro-forestry practices by smallholder farmers and establishes the constraints to adopting agro-forestry practices. Data was collected from 304 respondents providing information from administered questionnaires and interviews with 10 respondents. The study discovered that agro-forestry in Luwerois characterized by the presence of home-based agriculture schemes and field agricultural programsthat are expected to enable food security. It found that agro-forestry is determined naturally by the presence of good rainfall and climatic conditions, education of the community and family size, government policy supporting adoption of agro-forestry and presence of institutions such as NEMA in the regulations.The study found that agro-forestry provides economic opportunities through employment and income, rainfall, provide a sense of environmental sustainability, supporting environmental security, provision of food and animals as food for the people in the small holder farms.The study also identifiesthat agro-forestry is constrained bythe ineffective implementation of policy, poor policy management, lack of effective control for agriculture, drought constraint the agro-forestry, presence of disastrous winds, lack of water for irrigation and high costs of the agro-forestry schemes.Hence, it concludes that agro-forestry practices are common amongst the small holder farmers in the Luwero district, though the farmers are not conversant with the programme (crops and trees are cultivated on the same piece of land). Secondly, it affirms that agro-forestry by small holder farmers in the Luwero district is supported by the presence of rainfall and good climatic conditions, supportive government policy and institutions which agitate for theschemes in the district. Thirdly, it surmises that agro-forestry in the Luwero district provides positive economic, environmental and food security mechanisms for the people. It also concludes that agro-forestry is constrained bythe lack of adequate policy essential to significantlysupports the schemes, low access to irrigation.The study recommends theadoption of agro-forestry-based climate change adaptation technologies among smallholder farmers in the Luwero district. There is a need for improvement and increasing governmental and institutional support systems that will enable farmers in the watershed to have equitable assess to interventions that promote the practising of agro-forestry. Also, farmers’ access to markets needs to be improved with the creation of value chains for agro-forestry products.There is a need for developing strategies, frameworks and indicators at alllevels to continuously measure progress in agro-forestry systems and their climate benefits.
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    Assessment of the Impact of Urbanization on Environmental Conservation Measures in Namanve Industrial Park Area, Mukono District, Uganda
    (Kampala International University, 2023-09-21) Isse, Ahmed Mohamed
    The study determined the impact of urbanization on environmental conservation measures in the Namanve industrial park area, Mukono District, Uganda. The objectives were to: 1) evaluate the effect of urbanization on the environmental conservation measure, 2) document the environmental conservation practices/measures and 3) suggest mechanisms for the implementation of environmental conservation efforts in the Namanve industrial park area, Mukono District, Uganda. The study utilised a mixed research design in its approach. Hence, data was collected from 296 quantitative respondents and 10 qualitative respondents from the study area. The study discovered that the rate of conservation does not depend on urbanisation. Also, afforestation and reforestation were part of the environmental conservation practices/measures. Second objective findings indicate that continued urbanisation has reduced environmental conservation measures. Thirdly the study indicates that there are some mechanisms put in place for the implementation of environmental conservation efforts in the study area such as air pollution control mechanisms, green environment conservation, the provision of information controls for the environment and the provision of conservation policies. The study concludes that there is ineffectiveness in the environmental conservation practices in Namanve industrial park. Furthermore, it affirms that there is limited environmental conservation practices/measure in Namanve Industrial park. The study concludes that increased urbanisation reduces the environmental conservation measures in Namanve industrial park area, Mukono District, Uganda. The study recommends sustainable environmental practices that will sustain the environmental conservation approaches engaged in the study area.
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    Assessing the Level of Awareness of the Impact of Charcoal on Forest Degradation in Mpigi District
    (Kampala International University, 2022-10) Sadiya, Fatah Jama
    The study conducted for Assessing the level of awareness of the impact of charcoal burning on forest degradation in Mpigi District. The objectives were to assess the level of knowledge of the long-term effects of charcoal burning on the environment in Mpigi district secondly to examine the effect of charcoal burning on forests usage/ degradation and finally to establish mechanisms for sustainable charcoal burning to enhance forest conservation in Mpigi district. The data was collected from 315 respondents using questionnaires and 8 Key informant interviews. The study found that people in Mpigi district had little or low awareness on the long-term effects of charcoal burning on the environment. The findings for the study show that 36.8% respondents were aware, 112(35.6%) respondents disagreed to awareness while 87(27.6%) respondents were not sure. The long-term effects of charcoal burning were on the environment, forests and agriculture in the long run; the occurrence of charcoal burning reduced the environmental features of forests and agriculture. Secondly the study found that charcoal burning reduces the forests coverage, the effect of the charcoal burning was reduction of the forest cover reducing significantly the forests both of natural and manmade, these effectively reduce the values of the forest covers presenting a negative influence for the forest coverage in Mpigi district. Thirdly the study reveals that mechanisms in place for government for sustainable charcoal burning in Mpigi district indicate that enhanced legal framework for managing forests, Community sensitization on deforestation, providing security in the forest and finally Instituted strict forest monitoring are the mechanisms put in place for the sustainable charcoal burning in the district. The study concludes that in the long run, the charcoal burning significantly affects the environment in Mpigi district. The effect of charcoal burning to the environment significantly remains high with the influences generally degrading the environment. secondly the study found that charcoal burning reduces the forests coverage, the effect of the charcoal burning was reduction of the forest cover reducing significantly the forests both of natural and manmade, these effectively reduce the values of the forest covers presenting a negative influence for the forests coverage in Mpigi district thirdly the study on the mechanisms in place for government for sustainable charcoal burning in Mpigi district indicate that enhanced legal framework for managing forests, Community sensitization on deforestation, providing security in the forest and finally Instituted strict forest monitoring are the mechanisms put in place for the sustainable charcoal burning in the district. The study recommends that first, the government of Uganda, through the relevant authorities, implements the existing forest and resource laws so as to ensure proper usage of the forest related products, Secondly, there is need for the forests usage to be improved, developed and enhanced through generating efficiency of the forest system. The power of charcoal production needs to be developed with efficiency and regulations be possibly developed for the managerial policy and development mechanisms. Thirdly the study recommends that there is need for Increased monitoring and enforcement of illegal timber extraction should be conducted by both local and government stakeholders. There is need for strengthening laws transferring increased decision-making and law enforcement authority to local communities could result the further decentralization of decision-making power