Nasal carriage and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus among health workers at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital in Bushenyi, Uganda
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Date
2018-06
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Publisher
Kampala International University, School of Health Sciences (Western Campus)
Abstract
Background:
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus is commonly encountered and it’s a threat to health care services because of its ability to resist other antibiotic classes in addition to beta lactams. Health Care Workers are important reservoirs of Staphylococcus aureus and yet there is insufficient literature on their carriage rates of Methicillin Resistant strains. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and to compare antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Methicillin Resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolates from health care workers of Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, south Western Uganda.
Materials and Methods:
A cross sectional study involving the culturing of nasal swabs from Health Care Workers at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital was carried out. Phenotypic and genotypic screening MRSA from isolated Staphylococcus aureus was done using cefoxitin disc and mecA gene amplification respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the MRSA and MSSA isolates was performed using Kiby_Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results:
Out of the 97 participants, 28(28.8%) were nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus of which 13 (46.4%) were phenotypically MRSA (resistant to cefoxitin) and only 8 (28.6%) were genotypically MRSA (had mecA gene). Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (both phenotypic and genotypic) isolates were all resistant to beta lactam drugs but susceptible to lincosamides, glycopeptides and aminoglycosides.
Conclusion:
The nasal carriage rate of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin resistant strains is high among health care workers and meca gene is not the only genetic basis for resistance to methicilin drugs. Methicillin resistant strains showed higher resistance rate to commonly used antibiotics than methicillin susceptible strains.
Recommendations:
Future studies should consider whole genome sequencing to identify other genetic markers coding for methicillin resistance.
Description
A Research Dissertation Submitted In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For The Award Of The Degree Of Master Of Science In Microbiology Of Kampala International University
Keywords
Nasal carriage, Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, Health workers, Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi, Uganda