PhD in International Business Management
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- ItemCountry Risk, Corporate Strategy and Performance of Multinational Banks in Sub-Saharan Africa(Kampala International University, 2022-05) Muhanguzi, Kibs B.Within in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), bank profits have notably been generally high compared to other regions despite of the marked high banking competition and diverse levels of country risk. Despite of many studies investigating the determinants of bank profitability, very few, if any, have linked profitability to corporate strategy and country risk. Some multinational banks (MNBs) are rapidly increasing their footprint within SSA region, yet, others are closing down. How country risk and corporate strategy relate to the successful multinational banks is the subject of this research. Given the ontology of MNBs, informed by the strategic management’s co-alignment theory, this study’s set epistemological questions are answered using panel data (2007-2017) of Sub-Saharan Africa’s best performing multinational banks in 2016. Hinging on the cost efficiency’s stochastic frontier approach, estimations are done using Systems Generalized Moments Methods (S-GMM). Results indicate: first, country risk negatively affects the banks’ long run profitability (ROA). Second, corporate strategies: geographic diversification and equity financing, positively effect on ROA; but debt financing strategy negatively affect long run profits (though the magnitude is small). Third, the effect of country risk on ROA is seen reduced by geographic diversification strategy. Fourth, bank competition in the region is found to have a long run positive effect on ROA. Fifth, there is no significant difference in performance between the indigenous pan-African banks and overseas multinational banks. Finally, for control variables, the response of ROA is found to be elastic with respect to bank size but inelastic for country size. Therefore, there is often a need to always survey and analyze the level of country risk, and make appropriate strategies if multinational investors are to survive. When resources allow, expand into any country, irrespective of country size for geographic diversification shields a multinational bank from the effects of country risk.
- ItemBusiness environmental factors and competitiveness among pharmaceutical companies in Kano Metropolis Nigeria(Kampala International University(KIU), 2017) Uba, ZakariThis study was conceived to investigate the business environmental factors and determine their relationship with the competitiveness of pharmaceutical companies in Kano Metropolis North Western Nigeria. The study comprises of thirty two pharmaceuticals manufacturing companies. The study adopted a descriptive correlation and cross sectional survey designs. Both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed. Three hundred and twenty (320) researcher-devised questionnaires were distributed to respondents comprising personnel in sales, distribution, pharmacists, distributors and dealers of the companies of manufacturing pharmaceutical companies in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. Thirty two (32) Management questionnaires were also distributed to management staff in an attempt to capture data on areas which were assumed only top managers could have the privilege of having such information. Interviews were conducted with five key respondents who are management staff and senior staff of the companies being investigated. The study found a significant relationship between business environmental factors and competitiveness among the pharmaceutical companies in Kano metropolis, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis of no significant relationship between business environmental factors and competitiveness, the study also found a negative insignificant relationship between business strategy and competitiveness. Using hierarchical regression the study also establishes a non significant moderating effect of business strategy on competitiveness. This leads to the non rejection of the null hypothesis of no significant mediating effect of business strategy on competitiveness. All these findings have a far reaching effect on the firms in the study and therefore, the study recommends among others that; pharmaceutical companies in Kano metropolis should explore the environment more, because there is positive correlation between factors in the environment and their competitiveness.
- ItemThe role of Czech Republic and Tanzania bilateral trade in the economic transformation in Tanzania(Kampala International University, College of Economics & management., 2019-02) Mwingira, Eliska PribenskaBilateral trade with Czech Republic, Tanzania’s Eastern European historical partner with legacies of previous technological collaboration, manifested disparate trends over the past three decades 1985-2015, provoking dialectics about the relevance of trade and technology transfers among the post-socialist countries in the context of the economic transformation in Tanzania. The purpose of this thesis was to render an exploratory study of the nature of bilateral trade between Czech Republic and Tanzania, with the aim to examine the role and value added of the bilateral trade and technology flows in enhancing Tanzania’s economic transformation. The main objective was to assess the role of Czech Republic and Tanzania bilateral trade in the economic transformation in Tanzania. The independent variable, Bilateral Trade, was defined as trade made between two contracting parties, with the purpose to reinforce relations and offer additional trade benefits and privileges to the contracting parties. The dependent variable, Economic Transformation, was defined as economic growth based on innovation and technological adaptation and characterized by high levels of investment and rising productivity thanks to technology, know-how and skills transfers. A comparative approach was used to cross examining evidence derived from both secondary and primary sources of data, and juxtaposing the data obtained by quantitative and qualitative methods to find the relevant intertwines and indicators. The sample population in the qualitative part was 224 respondents and consisted of (1) the representatives of the international bodies in charge of the bilateral trade between the Czech Republic and Tanzania, (2) the Tanzanian governmental institutions in charge of bilateral trade with the Czech Republic, (3) the representatives of Czech governmental institutions in charge of bilateral trade with Tanzania, (4) Tanzanian/ (5) Czech private sector venturing into the trade investment in the Czech Republic/ Tanzania. The research instruments included desk and public documentary review, questionnaires, interviews and focus group discussions. The findings of the study reveal that technology transfers emanating from bilateral trade between Czech Republic and Tanzania maintained its relevance in the context of Tanzania’s transformation. Czech technologies transferred to Tanzania were predominantly classified as SITC (6) (Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material), SITC (7) (Machinery and transport equipment) and SITC (8) (Miscellaneous manufactured articles) of the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC); the technical specifications of most of the technologies were found compatible with the strategic objectives of Tanzania’s National Five-Year Development Plan 2016/2017 -2020/2021 and Tanzania Vision 2025; and most fulfilled the user requirements of Tanzanian small, medium and large firms. Czech technologies that have been transferred and locally adapted in the 1980-1989 remained in Tanzania’s industrialization portfolio, despite the decreased volume of traded technologies stemming from geopolitical changes in the 1990s. The perceived opportunity for enhanced bilateral trade and trade-based technology depended on their technical characteristics, user involvement, incentives and support and communication.