Codeine Substitute Challenges Drug and Substance Abuse Controls in Nigeria: Histopathology Evaluations of Norvegicus rattus on Lacatomtom

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dc.contributor.authorNnaemeka Okorie
dc.contributor.authorEmmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu
dc.contributor.authorOlayinka Catherine Adeniran
dc.contributor.authorAzi Simon Onyema
dc.contributor.authorUde, Ugomma Agwu
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-04T09:08:45Z
dc.date.available2024-11-04T09:08:45Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractCodeine substitute challenges to drug and substance abuse controls in Nigeria: Histopathology evaluations of Norvegicus rattus on lacatomtom is novel research that aimed to evaluate the Codeine substitute challenges to drugs and substance abuse; histopathology perspective and oxidative biomarkers evaluation of the tissues cum chemical pathology analysis of the serum of the control and intervened subjects. The experimental subjects were grouped into control, acute and chronic (T1, T2, and T3) respectively; the acute groups of the oral administration of lacatomtom mixture were given 0.01mg/g of lacatomtom for 14 days while the chronic were given for 42 days and periodically weighed and recorded; The Animals were sacrificed and the organs harvested following ethical procedures for animal killing. The blood and tissues of the harvested organs (blood, lungs, liver, and kidney) under investigation were subjected to chemical pathology analysis to assess the liver and kidney functions, then proceeded to histopathological examination using formalin fixed paraffin processed methods with both routine and special stains, liver, lungs and kidney homogenate were subjected to oxidative stress biomarkers test (MDA, SOD, Gpx, GSH and Catalase). Histopathology results first revealed a severe cellular injury in all the organs under study compare to the normal control; significance (p<0.5) elevation found among some enzymes AST, ALP ALT are also an indication of damaged liver, increase MDA and reduced SOD, Gpx, GSH and catalase correlate the histology results and biochemistry.
dc.description.sponsorshipKampala International University
dc.identifier.issn2456-6276
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12493/14557
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherJournal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research
dc.titleCodeine Substitute Challenges Drug and Substance Abuse Controls in Nigeria: Histopathology Evaluations of Norvegicus rattus on Lacatomtom
dc.typeArticle
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Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (BMS)