Climate Change Projections and Future Malaria Risks: Predicting the Expansion of Malaria in East and West Africa amid Global Warming
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Date
2025
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Eurasian Experiment Journal of Public Health (EEJPH)
Abstract
Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in East and West Africa, with climate change emerging as a critical determinant of its transmission dynamics. Rising temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events are altering the geographic distribution of malaria, potentially expanding transmission zones into previously malaria-free highland and semi-arid regions. This review examines climate change projections and their implications for malaria risks in East and West Africa, focusing on temperature increases, rainfall variability, and extreme weather events. It assesses how these climatic changes influence mosquito breeding, parasite development, and human-vector interactions, thereby exacerbating malaria burdens in vulnerable regions. Furthermore, the study explores regional vulnerabilities, high-risk areas, and the necessity of integrating climate change considerations into malaria control strategies. Effective adaptation measures, including enhanced disease surveillance, climate-resilient vector control strategies, and policy frameworks that incorporate climate projections, are crucial for mitigating malaria expansion. Strengthening healthcare preparedness and fostering regional collaboration will be essential in addressing the evolving challenges posed by climate-driven malaria transmission