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- ItemGreen Nanotechnology in the Development of Antioxidant-Rich Phytotherapeutics for Metabolic Syndrome(Research Output Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research, 2025) Zikayo Amulaga R.Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a multifactorial disorder characterized by obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, has emerged as a global health challenge. Conventional therapeutic approaches often come with side effects and limited long-term efficacy. Phytotherapeutics, derived from medicinal plants and rich in natural antioxidants, offer a promising alternative for managing MetS. However, issues such as poor bioavailability, instability, and low solubility limit their clinical applicability. Green nanotechnology—a sustainable approach to nanomaterial synthesis using biological resources—offers a breakthrough in enhancing the delivery and efficacy of phytochemicals. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome and the limitations of traditional therapies. It further explores the integration of green nanotechnology in designing nanoformulations of antioxidant-rich phytotherapeutics. Special attention is given to the mechanisms, recent advancements, types of green nanoparticles, and their synergistic potential in managing oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction. The article also discusses safety, regulatory challenges, and prospects of green nano-based phytotherapeutics in combating metabolic syndrome.
- ItemExploring the Role of Oxidative Stress in the Pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndrome: Implications for Therapeutic Targeting(Research Invention Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2025) Mugisha Byaruhanga P.Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, including central obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and pro-inflammatory states, which significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and other complications. Emerging evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of MetS by exacerbating inflammation, impairing insulin signaling, and promoting cellular dysfunction. Oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body’s antioxidant defenses, contributes to the development and progression of metabolic abnormalities that characterize MetS. This review examines the role of oxidative stress in MetS, focusing on its impact on insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, adiposity, and inflammatory responses. Additionally, it explores potential therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating oxidative stress, including the use of antioxidants, lifestyle interventions, and pharmacological agents. Although antioxidant therapies have shown promise, challenges such as the safe and effective use of antioxidants in clinical settings, as well as the complex interactions between oxidative stress and other pathophysiological processes, remain. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the role of oxidative stress in MetS and highlights potential therapeutic strategies to mitigate its effects, offering insights into future research directions in this area.
- ItemEffect of Mobile Health Reminders on Antimalarial Adherence among Pregnant Women in Rural Uganda: A Randomized Controlled Trial(Research Output Journal f Engineering and Scientific Research, 2025) Kagambira Zimbuga M.Malaria in pregnancy remains a critical public health issue in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Uganda, where adherence to intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) is persistently low. Poor adherence contributes to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, necessitating innovative solutions to enhance antimalarial prophylaxis. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions, such as SMS and voice call reminders, have emerged as promising tools to support treatment adherence in low-resource settings. This review evaluated the effect of mobile health reminders on antimalarial adherence among pregnant women in rural Uganda, drawing evidence from a randomized controlled trial involving 600 participants. The trial compared standard antenatal care with an intervention group receiving scheduled mobile reminders before each IPTp-SP dose. Findings revealed a significant improvement in adherence, with 72% of women in the intervention group completing three or more IPTp-SP doses versus 49% in the control group. Improved antenatal attendance, higher maternal hemoglobin levels at delivery, and high user satisfaction were also observed. The article was developed using a structured literature synthesis method focused on trial-based findings and contextual analysis. Despite challenges related to phone access, network coverage, and message delivery, the intervention demonstrated feasibility, scalability, and acceptability. This review underscored the potential of mHealth to enhance malaria prevention efforts in maternal healthcare programs.
- ItemClimate Change Projections and Future Malaria Risks: Predicting the Expansion of Malaria in East and West Africa amid Global Warming(Eurasian Experiment Journal of Public Health (EEJPH), 2025) Odile Patrick ThaliaMalaria remains a significant public health challenge in East and West Africa, with climate change emerging as a critical determinant of its transmission dynamics. Rising temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, and extreme weather events are altering the geographic distribution of malaria, potentially expanding transmission zones into previously malaria-free highland and semi-arid regions. This review examines climate change projections and their implications for malaria risks in East and West Africa, focusing on temperature increases, rainfall variability, and extreme weather events. It assesses how these climatic changes influence mosquito breeding, parasite development, and human-vector interactions, thereby exacerbating malaria burdens in vulnerable regions. Furthermore, the study explores regional vulnerabilities, high-risk areas, and the necessity of integrating climate change considerations into malaria control strategies. Effective adaptation measures, including enhanced disease surveillance, climate-resilient vector control strategies, and policy frameworks that incorporate climate projections, are crucial for mitigating malaria expansion. Strengthening healthcare preparedness and fostering regional collaboration will be essential in addressing the evolving challenges posed by climate-driven malaria transmission
- ItemBurden of Pediatric Typhoid Disease in Uganda: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention Strategies(Eurasian Experiment Journal of Public Health (EEJPH), 2025) Odile Patrick ThaliaTyphoid fever, caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, remains a critical public health challenge in Uganda, particularly affecting children in rural and peri-urban areas. Despite advances in healthcare, the disease continues to thrive due to factors such as inadequate water sanitation, poor hygiene practices, overcrowded living conditions, and limited access to healthcare services. Children under 15 bear the brunt of the disease, with a disproportionate incidence among school-aged children. The burden of pediatric typhoid fever includes significant morbidity, long term health consequences, and substantial economic strain on families. Typhoid fever is transmitted primarily through contaminated food and water, and the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella strains complicates treatment. This review examines the causes, risk factors, health consequences, and prevention strategies for pediatric typhoid fever in Uganda. Key interventions discussed include improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) programs, vaccination efforts, early diagnosis, and enhanced healthcare infrastructure. The review highlights the urgent need for comprehensive, multi-faceted approaches to reduce the burden of pediatric typhoid fever, with particular focus on expanding access to vaccines, strengthening healthcare systems, and addressing environmental determinants.