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- ItemAdvancements in Immune Augmentation Strategies for HIV Patients(Journal of Biological Sciences, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Esther Ugo Alum; Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu9The management of HIV has witnessed a transformative shift owing to innovative approaches aimed at bolstering immune status in affected individuals. The landscape of HIV treatment has undergone a profound transformation with the emergence of innovative approaches dedicated to fortifying the immune status of individuals living with the virus. This abstract provides a succinct yet comprehensive overview of groundbreaking strategies aimed at augmenting immune health in HIV patients. Encompassing advancements in immunotherapy, personalized medicine, lifestyle modifications, and telemedicine, this overview highlights the promising trajectory and potential impact of these novel interventions in the realm of HIV care. By exploring the multifaceted dimensions of immune enhancement strategies, this abstract sets the stage for a deeper understanding of these innovative approaches and their pivotal role in shaping the future of HIV management.
- ItemAdvances in Laboratory Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Gilbert Disease: A Comprehensive Review(Journal of Scientific Research, 2024) Nkiruka R Ukibe; Chioma Theresa Onwe; C.E. Onah1 Ezinne G. Ukibe; Blessing C. Ukibe; Victory Ezennia Ukibe; Emmanuel Ifeanyi ObeaguGilbert’s syndrome (GS) is an extensively mild condition characterized by periods of elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood. The bilirubin is an orange yellowish tinted molecule which is produced when red blood cells are broken down and this substance is eliminated from the body only after it undergoes bio-transformation in the liver which converts unconjugated bilirubin to conjugated bilirubin. When the level of unconjugated bilirubin increases beyond a determined point, the bilirubin pigment starts to dis colour the cornea of the eyes (making them to appear light yellow) and with higher levels the skin may also turn to yellow (jaundice). Gilbert’s syndrome also known as constitutional hepatic dysfunction and familial non hemolytic jaundice. People with Gilbert’s syndrome have an inherited abnormality that causes reduced production of an enzyme involved in processing of bilirubin. A presumptive diagnosis of Gilbert’s syndrome is made when unconjugated hyper bilirubin anemia is noted on several occasions
- ItemAn assessment of the immune status of some stone quarry workers in Ondo state, Nigeria(Medicine, 2024) Samson O. Onemu; Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Adeniyi Adewumi Popoola; Michael A. Osuntuyi; Clement N. IsiborStone quarry activities in Nigeria are mostly unregulated such that the workers in these quarries are continuously exposed to the inhalation of silica dust. It has been observed that silica dust particles negatively impact the health of stone quarry workers which usually manifest as respiratory difficulties, asthma-like illnesses and other adventitious events of the lungs. The study was to evaluate the probable immunological impact of silica dust inhalation from stone crushing by workers. Blood samples were collected from consenting workers and analyzed for total white blood cells and their subsets. Absolute CD4 cells numbers were also determined. The results indicated that neutrophils and eosinophils numbers increased significantly (P < .05) and CD4 counts declined significantly (P < .001). Alteration in these proportions is a pointer to the injurious impact of silica dust on the immune system of these workers. The findings in this study should spur actions in the education of these workers on the need for the use of proper personal protection equipment and the establishment of a scheme to periodically carry out a health assessment check to identity those at most risk of developing chronic illnesses.
- ItemAnaemia among pregnant women: a review in Africa(International Digital Organization for Scientific Research, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Abdi Abubakar Ali; Uche Francisca Onwuasoanya; Anthonia Onyinye Ngwoke; Danchal Comfort Vandu; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Ugwu Okechukwu Paul-ChimaIron-deficiency anemia is the most frequent form of anemia in pregnancy and can have serious consequences for both the mother and fetus. The majority of women do not have adequate iron stores to meet the dramatic increase in requirements during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. However, there is increasing evidence that intravenous iron is more effective, provides more rapid hemoglobin correction, corrects iron stores and is better tolerated than oral iron in treating iron-deficiency anemia during pregnancy. The reported prevalence of anemia in this study is high and routine screening of pregnant women is highly recommended and further studies to explore during pregnancy is a public health problem in developed and developing countries. Pregnant women are at risk of developing anemia due to increased nutrient needs which include iron, folate and Vitamin B12 and haemo-dilution during pregnancy.
- ItemAnaemia among pregnant women: A review of African pregnant teenagers.(2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Fortune Chirunim AgreenIn pregnancy, anaemia is when haemoglobin concentration is less than 11 g/dL in the first and the third trimester or a haemoglobin concentration of less than 10.5 g/dL in the second trimester. Globally, anaemia is public health problem since ancient years. During pregnancy, eradication of anaemia is a key component of safe motherhood. Prevalence of anaemia among pregnant teenagers is high. Microcytic anaemia remains the most common morphological type affecting pregnant teenagers. No formal education and poor antenatal care attendance are associated with an increased risk of anaemia among pregnant teenagers.
- ItemAnaemia among pregnant women: prevalence and Determinants(Newport International Journal Of Research In Medical Sciences, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Chidimma Maureen ChukwuezeMalarial infection, occupation, urinary tract infection, place of residence and alcohol consumption are associated with anaemia among pregnant women. There is prevalence of anaemia in pregnant women. Anaemia during pregnancy is a public health problem in developed and developing countries. Pregnant women are at risk of developing anaemia due to increased nutrient needs which include iron, folate and Vitamin B12 and haemo-dilution during pregnancy.
- ItemAnaemia and Risk Factors In Lactating Mothers: A Concern In Africa(International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research, 2023) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Yakubu Sunday Bot; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu; Esther U. Alum; Okechukwu Paul-Chima UgwuAnaemia is the most common nutritional deficiency indicator and health status in the world affecting about one third of the global population. Taking iron supplement during pregnancy is associated with reduction in anaemia among lactating mothers. The risk of anaemia in lactating mothers reduces with intake of iron supplement during pregnancy. Based on the study findings the researcher recommends the following. All lactating mothers should be encouraged by health team, starting with Village Health Team (VHTs) up to the facility level for regular haemoglobin checkup. Massive nutritional education should always be carried out on every antenatal and postnatal visit.
- ItemCarpolobia lutea methanol root extract reinstates androgenesis and testicular function in cadmiumchallenged rats(2019) Ejike, Daniel Eze; Ayikobua, Emmanuel Tiyo; Okpa, Precious Nwaka; Karimah, Mohammed Rabiu; Moses, Dele Adams; Igbokwe, Ugochukwu VincentCadmium produces a wide range of biological dysfunctions in human and laboratory animals where it chiefly affects the testes, whereas, Carpolobia lutea has been known to have antioxidant benefits. This study was intended to investigate the effects of Carpolobia lutea root extracts on testicular hormone function in cadmium-challenged male rats. 48 male Wistar rats (170-190 g) were divided into six groups, each containing eight rats. Experimental animals in control (Group 1) were given 0.2ml/kg body weight (BW) of 10% tween 80; Group two were administered 1mg/kg BW of cadmium (i.p); Group 3 were given 1mg/kg BW of cadmium (i.p) + 100mg/kg BW extract; Group four took 1mg/kg BW of cadmium (i.p) + 200mg/kg BW extract while Group five and six got 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg BW extract respectively. The administration of vehicle and extract was conducted orally for six weeks. Testicular activity of 17 betahydrosteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) and serum testosterone, luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormone (LH, FSH) levels were evaluated. Findings indicated that cadmium statistically (p<0.05) lowered testicular 17β-HSD activity and serum testosterone, LH and FSH levels when compared with those of the control group animals. However, Carpolobia lutea and its co-administration notably (p<0.05) elevated the activity of testicular 17β-HSD and levels of serum testosterone, LH and FSH. The study suggests that Carpolobia lutea extract plays a protective function in ameliorating testicular damage caused by cadmium in rats. This is probably due to the extract’s potential in the management of testicular dysfunction and fecundity in animals.
- ItemComparative Effects of Taurine and Vitamin E in Acetaminophen-Induced Oxidative Stress on Learning and Memory in Male Wistar Rats(Kampala International University, 2018) Iliya, Ezekiel; Ejike, Daniel Eze; Moses, Dele Adams; Karimah, Mohammed Rabiu; Adam, Moyosore Afodun; Sheu, Oluwadare Sulaiman; Okpanachi, Omachonu Alfred; Ayikobua, Emmanuel TiyoStress is an integral part of human life; stressful events exert deleterious effects on normal (physiological) functions, leading to the pathogenesis of diseases. Stress alters cognition, learning, memory and emotional responses, resulting in mental disorders like depression and anxiety. The comparative effect of taurine (TAU) and vitamin E (VIT E) was evaluated on learning and memory in acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Methods Twenty animals weighing (100-120 g) were divided into four groups (A-D) of five rat each. Animals in Group A (control) received 0.5 ml of distilled water only while those in Group B received 100 mg/kg of acetaminophen (ACE) only. Animals in Group C received 100 mg/kg of taurine plus ACE while those in Group D received 0.5ml of Vitamin E plus ACE. The administration was done once daily for sixty days during which learning and memory of the animals were assessed using elevated plus maze and novel object recognition for rats. Results Animals in Groups A, B, C and D were able to locate the closed arm at an average of 41.0 ± 13.2 s, 67.0 ± 13.5 s, 56.3±16.6 s and 32.2± 12.1 s respectively. During the training phase, the TAU + ACE animals explored the object presented to them more (67.99 %) compared with the control and other groups. The VIT E + ACE animals have the least percentage (51.94%) in exploring the novel object that was presented to them. During the consolidation phase, the control group explored the novel object presented to them more (75.62%) when compared with the other groups. The VIT E + ACE animals have the least percentage (64.15%) in exploring the novel object that was presented to the animals. Conclusion Available evidence from this study showed that animals in acetaminophen and control groups were able to explore the elevated plus maze faster than the taurine plus acetaminophen and vitamin E plus acetaminophen groups. It also demonstrated that TAU and VIT E have protective effects on acetaminophen-associated learning and memory impairment in male rats which might be elucidated by antioxidative effects, facilitation of neurotransmitter activity and secretion of the hormone corticosterone.
- ItemIntegration of Artificial Intelligence Tools in Libraries 2012-2023: A Bibliometric Assessment(International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR), 2024) Clement Claire Lutaaya Nabutto; Lois Nankya Mutiibwa; Mwanje Aloysius; Kamoga NicholasThis article investigates the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in libraries between 2012 and 2023. Employing a bibliometric approach, it analyzes 4,523 publications from Scopus database, revealing rising publication trends, prevalent document types (primarily conference papers and articles), and key contributors. The findings reveal conference papers and articles as the primary publication formats, reflecting the dynamic nature of the field. Notably, the highest publication volumes occurred in 2022 and 2023. This trend shows an evolving role of AI in libraries and emphasizes the importance of librarians acquiring skills to effectively collaborate with AI tools.