Masters of Public Health

Permanent URI for this collection

https://testir.kiu.ac.ug/handle/20.500.12306/243

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 30

Predictors of low birth weight in Bushenyi District, Uganda
(Kampala International University; School of Health Sciences, 2009-07) Kagwtsagye, Aggrey
The study sought to establish the factors that lead to low birth weight (LBW) of children born in the health units in Bushenyi District. The objectives were to establish the prevalence of LBW of babies born in the health units and to establish the relationship between LBW and selected risk factors. The first four hundred and ninety five (495) mothers who delivered in the selected health units during July - August 2008 were considered for the study. The study was carried out from three hospitals, 5 health centre IVs and 7 health centre Ills. Analytical cross-sectional study design was used to establish the relative interaction of various independent variables in predicting the dependent variable. Data was collected through an interview using structured questionnaire, observations of mothers at period of delivery, and taking the weights of babies soon after delivery. The data collected was computed into summaries and frequencies for continuous and categorical variables respectively. Spearman's rho correlation was used to establish the relationship between LBW and socio-economic status, while multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the prediction of soco-demographic, health, behavioral and lifestyle of mothers on LBW status. The prevalence of LBW was found to be l 0.5%. The following factors; mothers aged below 21 years, smoking during pregnancy, alcohol consumption, poor health of mother and poor health seeking behavior were found to be significantly related to low birth weight. The parity of the mother/ family size, education, and socio-economic status were not significantly related to LBW. The major recommendations were: to strengthen programmes that prevent early pregnancies, especially for the teenagers and youth; strengthen antenatal services; maintain and strengthen malaria control activities; strengthen HIV/AIDS services and intensify family planning services to limit the number of children per woman.
Patterns of stigmatization and discrimination among HIV positive clients attending the aids support organization (aso) clinic- Mbarara, Uganda
(Kampala international international: School of Health Sciences, 2010-08) Jordan, Amanyire Mutambi
Background HIV I AIDS associated stigma and discrimination is now a public health challenge of global dimension. The objectives of this study were to establish and analyze different levels of HIV related stigma and discrimination. Methodology This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 260 HIV positive registered clients attending T ASO Mbarara Clinic in the last six months selected using systematic random sampling. Both structured questionnaires and focus group discussion were used to collected data. Results Females constituted 57.3% and males 42.7%. The majority of respondents 41.9% were married and the least I .3% were widowers. The mean age of respondents’ was36 years, maximum age 63, and minimum I5 years. Eighty nine percent of clients had disclosed HIV sero status and 10.4% had not. Nine percent of clients reported having been denied employment because of sero status and 37.7% did not feel comfortable being treated at home. Factors responsible for stigma and discrimination include; poor attitude of health workers, poverty, lack of sensitization among others. 37.7% of respondents don't feel comfortable being treated at home and 30.4% don't feel free talking about their sero status. Findings also reveal that there is no relationship between gender and HIV sero status disclosure (p>0.05) but a strong relationship between talking about their sero status freely and marital status (p<0.05). Conclusion There is need for more sensitization, awareness, HIV counselling and testing and economic empowerment in the area of HIV care and management so as to achieve the millennium development goal of HIV prevention and reduction of HIV related stigma and discrimination
Obstetric service utilization pattern among women in Kyabugimbi Sub County Bushenyi District Uganda
(Kampala International University; School of Health Sciences, 2010-11) Emorut, Simon P.
The Government of Uganda recognizes that its population is the most valuable asset and an integral component of the development process. The improvement of the quality of life of the Ugandan population in general is a major development goal of health practitioners and it's hampered by high fertility, maternal, infant morbidity and mortality rates. In 1995 the maternal mortality ratio stood at 506:100,000 live births, IMR was 97:1000 live births, the total fertility rate was 6.9 births and the contraceptive prevalence rate was 15%.the major causes of morbidity and mortality are preventable and one of the major strategies for reducing IMR, MMR and fertility is ensuring access to quality integrated RH services. Currently, MMR in Uganda is 505:100.000 live births, IMR stands at88:1000 live birth, TFR still stands at 6.9birth with CPR of23 %( HSSP, 2000-2005) Maternal child health survey carried out in bushenyi showed that only 15- 3 7% of deliveries occur in the health set ups as compared to 63% in traditional approach (Bushenyi DMO office records 201 0). Only41% of birth are attended by skilled personnel and 7.6% of infants die before their first birth day (UNDP report on Uganda's progress on MDG 2008) Objective The research therefore is thought to provide obstetric utility pattern in Kyabugimbi sub-county and the underlying factors limiting access to these RH services and the general MCH service delivery Methodology A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in Kyabugimbi sub-county Bushenyi district in western Uganda to establish Obstetric service utilization pattern in the district. The study also identified the socio-economic, cultural, physical factors associated with choice of a particular maternal service care and also the cause of maternal mortality in the district. Data was obtained from the office of the District director of health services (D.D.H.S), health units, the reproductive age women, i.e. those attending antenatal care, nurses and midwives by means of pre-tested questioners and focus group discussion guides. The study was conducted between the period ofMayl5th and June 5th 2010. Drastic Action should be taken by government and district health staff to address all factors that hinder access to health care services as this contribute to the high MMR and IMR in the sub county. such as social economic factors, improvement in Health care delivery system, Enact and implement strong policies against TBAs with emphasis on showing TBAs were their experiences end and to avoid risking the lives of Ugandan since they cannot detect pre-pregnancy and pregnancy related complications. Otherwise more lives of these mothers and their unborn babies in Kyabugimbi Sub County continue to be lost. There is need to make Health centre III and N to be fully operational with lighting and power sources, operating theatres, complete equipment and consumables. Running water, transport and communication facilities, and sanitation facilities like placenta pits, women latrines and bathrooms to mention a few. This will help attract these mothers to the health care setups The level of services should be improved to attain recommended WHO (ideal) standard for instance four or more visits of at least 20 minutes each and multivitamins, iron, folic acid supplement, two tetanus injections and various laboratory tests. Post-partum care attendants should receive at least two visits, one after 7 days of pregnancy and the other after 6 weeks. Health centre III and IV should perform Haemoglobin tests which they currently don't and also manage simple conditions of anaemia, malaria and treat hookworms.
Factors affecting the utilization of delivery services in Hospitals by pregnant women in Bushenyi District
(Kampala International University, 2012) Aiyegbusi, Victoria Olufunke
Maternal mortality still remains high in Sub-Saharan Africa and a challenge to public health despite the progress made in recent decades to improve maternal health outcomes. Many factors 14 were identified such as difficulty in accessibility to health facilities, long distance, low women education, low women income, cost on transport, attitude of the health workers at the health facility, poor service provision all directly influence low utilization of hospital delivery services by the pregnant women.
Factors influencing men’s involvement in prevention of mother to child transmission services in Bushenyi District, Uganda
(Kampala International University, 2012) Fahma, Hassan Moallim
This study was aimed to assess factors influencing men’s involvement in prevention of mother to child transmission services in Bushenyi district, Uganda. Background: Mother To Child Transmission (MTCT) is the most significant source of HIV infection in children below the age of 15 years. Since the beginning of the pandemic, an estimated 5.1 million children worldwide have been infected, almost through MTCT. Methodology: a cross sectional design was adopted; a quantitative data was collected from respondents using researcher- administered questionnaire. Data was entered to the computer using EPI DATA SPSS, version 16.0 and all variables were analyzed using SPSS analysis, cross tabs and chi square. Data was presented in percentage, frequency, charts, and tables.
Factors influencing the immunisation coverage among children between 12 G -23 months of age in Hargeisa state house settlement area Hargeisa,Somali land e
(Kampala International University, 2012) Yusuf AW Ali, Mohamed
Many children below five years of age die due to vaccine preventable diseases each year. Immunization services are free of charge in Somaliland. Static vaccinations are provided in the hospitals and the MCH in all the districts. However, Somaliland has immunization coverage of 37% which means that the immunization coverage is still low throughout its regions and the factors that influence the immunization coverage is not yet well known, which is what this research is going to focus. Objectives: This study aimed assessing the factors influencing childhood immunization coverage in children between 12-23 months in state-house settlement, Hargeisa.
Factors affecting family planning utilization among females aged 15-49 years in Hodan District, Mogadishu
(Kampala International University, 2013) Abdulrahma, Fatima Mohamed
Reproductive health of females is a matter of public health concern and Family planning occupies a central position in health and development of developing countries with low resources and high prevalence of maternal mortality, Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) and unwanted pregnancies. Effective use of contraception can prevent unwanted pregnancy, maternal mortality and STIs among females. Unmet need for contraception in developing world and rates of unintended pregnancy among young women is high. Aim of the Study: To assess the factors affecting family planning utilization among females aged 15-49 years in Hodan district, Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods: A quantitative descriptive survey was conducted among 424 females who permanently live in Hodan district in the capital city Mogadishu, Somalia. Questionnaire was used to collect data with the help of two trained research assistants.
Latrine coverage and self reported diarrhoea cases in Northern ‘a’district of Zanzibar, Tanzania
(Kampala International University, 2013) Kheir, Makame Kheir
Despite the surge in national and local recognition of the close link between the environment and human health and the plans defined to improve latrine coverage in Tanzania, the burden of disease is increasing and environmental health and sanitation situation are becoming very appalling. The main objective of this research was to evaluate latrine coverage and self reported diarrhoea cases in Northern ‘A’ District of Zanzibar/Tanzania. The study design was a descriptive cross sectional type and purposive and simple random sampling procedure was used. This project used a structured questionnaire as the tool for data collection. The data was collected from sample size of 303 respondents selected based on simple random sampling.
Vision assessment of operators of passenger service vehicles operating across Bushenyi-Ishaka municipality, Bushenyi District Uganda
(Kampala International University, 2013) Okaali, Simon Daniel
Introduction Normal vision plays a major role in safe driving and it is the one human sense that is absolutely essential for safe driving. Ninety five percent of sensory input to the brain required for driving comes from vision. However, vision of majority of drivers in Uganda is not assessed before they acquire driving licenses. General objective. To assess the vision of operators of passenger service vehicles operating across Bushenyi – Ishaka Municipality, Bushenyi District Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study with both quantitative and qualitative techniques was used. Semi structured questionnaires were administered to 392 operators of passenger service vehicles in Bushenyi – Ishaka Municipality. Data was analyzed in three different levels i.e. Univariate, to find out the proportion of respondents with reduced vision for driving. Bivariate analysis was done to assess the effect of individual factors on accident involvement. Multivariate analysis was done using binary logistic regression tool to assess for the effect of the potential confounding variables.
Utilisation of family planning services by people living with HIV/AIDS in Bushenyi District Uganda
(Kampala International University, 2013) Sayidomar, Yasin Sheikh
This study was conducted to document the current family planning use, awareness of HIV/AIDS patients about FP use, and to identify the underlying factors of underutilization of FP services. OBJECTIVE: the study aimed to identify the factors contributing to the underutilization of FP services by PLWHA in Bushenyi District, Uganda. METHODS: a cross-sectional study with both Quantitative and qualitative techniques were used. Structured questionnaires were administered to 249 respondents at five ART sites.
Antiretroviral therapy adherence among patients Attending Hargeisa group hospital Hiv clinic, Hargeisa, Somaliland
(Kampala international international: School of Health Sciences, 2013-11) Adam, Dr. Haibeh Farah
BACKGROUND: ART adherence varies in different regions of the world. Garcia et al (2006) had examined the relationship between self-reported adherence and viral load suppression. The study showed that 76% of those reported adherence had a viral suppression versus only 25% of subjects reported non-adherence (Rosa, 2006). No previous similar studies were done in Somaliland. OBJECTIVES: This study assessed antiretroviral therapy adherence among patients attending Hargeisa Group Hospital (HGH) in Hargeisa, Somaliland. METHODS: A facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed. A sample of 271 of patients on ART at the HIV Clinic was interviewed and their CD4 documents reviewed. Key informant interviews were held for 4 people from the clinic staff and management. A chi square test was used to ascertain the relationship of independent variables with the dependent variable. RESULTS: The study has shown that 80.8% of respondents adhered to ART at 95% or more of the time. The study also has found that coming on foot to the clinic, living far from the clinic and being newly diagnosed with HN were factors that led to ART non-adherence behavior. The study also assessed other factors that were found to be not related to ART adherence in this clinic. These factors include age, gender, education, marital status, patient's knowledge of HIV and ARTs, family size and previous hospitalizations among other factors. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The study found that the respondents who come on foot to the clinic, those lived far from the clinic and those diagnosed with HIV less than 3 years ago were less likely to adhere to ART. The researcher is recommending, making the services closer to the community by opening more clinics or by outreach programs.
Assessment of factors influencing the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers with less than 2 years Children in Hodan district, Mogadishu, Somalia
(Kampala international international: School of Health Sciences, 2013-11) Ahmed, Mulki Dirie
Background: Exclusive breast feeding is defined by World Health Organization (WHO) as giving breast milk alone for the first 6 months of life. World Health Organization recommends Mothers to breastfeed babies exclusively in the first six months. Breastfeeding and good nutrition for children are essential for achieving the Millennium Development Goals, particularly the goals relating to child survival. Breastfeeding is known to be the best way to feed infants by providing the psychological and health benefit to both the mother and the child. It is therefore considered physiologically, biochemically, immunologically and psychologically suited for this. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess factors influencing the practice of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers with less than 2years children in Hodan district, Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods Community based cross sectional study was carried out among mothers with less than 2years children in Hodan district, Mogadishu, Somalia, selected using cluster and simple random sampling technique. Data was collected by interviewer oral structured questionnaire and it was entered and analyzed by using SPSS for windows version 16.0. The proportion was used to describe the results and it was presented in the form of figures and tables. Findings: A total of 424 mothers with less than 2 years children were interviewed. The ever exclusive breastfeeding rate in this study was 23.3%. And 65.6% breast feed less than 6 months without adding other foods, and .I% feed for over 6 months. The timely initiation rate of breastfeeding within one hour found in this study was 49.3% respectively. Conclusion and Recommendation: Basing on the results of the study the socio-demographie factors studied in this study were not significantly affecting to the practice of exclusive breastfeeding except marital status and occupation of the mother. A range of characteristics affects the practice of timely initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding. Coordination, strengthening and sustaining of the existing strategies and approaches for further improvement of optimal breastfeeding practice is recommended
Factors affecting immunization coverage of children under five years in Elashabiyaha district, Lower Shabelle region, Somalia
(Kampala international international: School of Health Sciences, 2013-12) Hassan, Liban Jama
Background: Elashabiyaha is one of the largest districts in Lower Shabelle region Somalia who has accommodated one of the most populous Somali IDPs camps. Only 30% of children are immunized against the six major childhood diseases. These are far below the targeted average percentage of 80%. This study was conducted to explore current immunization coverage of the children under five years in Elashabiyaha and to assess factors affecting immunization coverage of the children under five years in Elashabiyaha district. Objectives: The study aimed to assess factors affecting immunization coverage of children under five years in Elashabiyaha district lower Shabelle region Somalia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to detem1ine the factors affecting immunization coverage in Elashabiyaha district. Researcher administered questionnaire was used to interview 330 of household heads in Elashabiyaha district. Univariate analysis was done to find out the percentage of the cunent immunization coverage. Bivariate analysis was done to assess the factors affecting immunization coverage .Logistic regression was then used to adjust for the effect of the confounding factors and to make multivaraiate analysis on different significant factors. Results: Immunization coverage is 43.8% and there was 2 times more likely for household heads who believe in traditional healers as an altemative not to immunize their children [95% CI 1.315-3.370: p=0.002] than those who reported not believing in traditional healers. And also it was 2 times more likely for household heads who were lacking outreach immunization services not to immunize their children [95% CI 1.082-2.764: p=0.022] than those reported accessing outreach immunization services. Conclusion~ Low immunization coverage at only 43.8% was found. Lack of outreach immunization services, cultural beliefs such as believing that traditional healers are better than immunization services and believing that westems spread diseased through immunization were assessed as factors that were associated with low immunization coverage in the study area. Recommendations: Better understanding of local perceptions and behavior related to immunization, building health education programs upon traditional beliefs and practices and expansion of outreach sites were recommended. The government, local, international NGOs and health professionals need to introduce immunization services to the community, make immunization services affordable, available, accessible and all the wrong beliefs and misconceptions need to be eradicated.
Epidemiology of unsafe abortion related maternal health complications and disabilities in Western Uganda
(Kampala International University; School of Health Sciences, 2013-12) Nabaliisa, Sarah
Unsafe abortion is a public health, sexual and reproductive health problem affecting so many women globally yet it is neglected. It has led to the death of many women, leaving others with both long term and short te1m complications and disabilities. The aim of the study was to determine the epidemiology and cost of management of unsafe abortion related maternal health complications and disabilities western Uganda. The study was longitudinal and employed quantitative methods. Four hundred and four patients with abo1tion complications aged 15-49 years attending gynecology clinics and wards in the selected referral hospitals were enrolled. Purposive sampling was used to select the hospitals. Data was collected using case record forms. Analysis of data was done using epidata 3.0 data base and SPSS version 16.0. Out of the 404 patients, 20.3% (1 in 5 cases that reported in the hospitals) had induced abortion related complications resulting from induced (intended) unsafe abortion. Young (15-24 years) women had a higher tendency of inducing abortion (65.9%). Age, marital status, socio-economic status and level of education were identified as associated factors for induced unsafe abortion. The fatality rate from induced abortion was 1 death in 82 cases and 3 women out of 82 who induce abortion survived death but with permanent disability of hysterectomy. The mean cost (sundries and drugs) for managing a patient with induced abortion related complications was 1.6 times higher than that for spontaneous abortion. 82.9% of the patients who had induced abortions were not using family planning when they got pregnant and 17.1% had family planning failure. From The findings, it is strongly recommend that Public health practitioners and policy makers need to take on the role of legal or political advocates to establish policy for safe induced abortion.
Assessment of problems associated with increased alcohol intake among youth in Bushenyi District, Western Uganda
(Kampala International University, 2014) Akinbo, Elizabeth Abiodun
The objectives of this study were to determine prevalence and magnitude of health problems associated with alcohol intake among youth in Bushenyi district, Uganda and outline the relationship between alcohol intake and alcohol related problems among the study group. The methods; used was descriptive cross-sectional study design; a sample of 384 youth were selected from Bushenyi district to participate in the study. Multi-stage systematic random sampling technique was done and a quantitative questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. Results; the study established that alcohol problems were highly prevalent among the youth assessed.
Preparedness for emergency injuries in health facilities located along Mbarara-Kasese Road Southwestern Uganda
(Kampala International University; School of Health Sciences, 2014-12) Ekpa, Julius O.
Introduction: Preparedness is ability of a health facility to expand operations and safely treat large influx of patients that could put significant strain on its operating systems. Sudden influx of patient can cause confusion and anxiety, and create inefficiency that may lead to disaster. Inadequate preparedness is a serious public health challenge. There is need for periodic assessment of health facilities' preparedness to treat mass casualties as mitigation for impact of traffic injuries. This study considered preparedness in terms of organization, staffing, equipment and supplies. The objectives of the study were to: determine prevalence of road traffic injuries; assess the level of organization of emergency services; assess self-reported knowledge of health workers involved in managing road traffic accidents cases and to assess availability of resuscitation equipment’s for managing traffic accidents in health facilities located along Mbarara-Kasese road. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional and retrospective study was conducted. 173 Doctors, Nurses and Clinicians were enrolled for the study in six purposively selected health facilities located within 5km proximity along Mbarara-Kasese road. The study was conducted between August and September 2014. Also, 760 cases of road traffic accidents were analyzed from review of medical records for one year period, from July 2013 to June 2014. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and linear regression. Key findings: Prevalence of road traffic accidents was high (46.1% of total injuries received in the selected health facilities. Males and youths constituted the highest proportion of casualties. Most health facilities were not prepared for mass casualty from road traffic accidents. Some of the selected health facilities have no emergency service committee, no functional theatre and no surgical team to handle emergency surgery. Also, most selected health facilities have no provision for regular staff training in emergency care. Despite inadequacies in preparedness, general knowledge of staff on emergency procedures was good and resuscitation equipment’s were available in most of the facilities at the time of visit. All the study sites can manage uncomplicated road traffic injuries successfully. Three facilities can manage single cases of moderate to severe traffic injuries successfully, while severe cases are referred due to inadequate facilities and lack of expertise. Conclusion and Recommendation: All selected health facilities shows inadequate preparedness for mass casualties from road traffic accidents. These health facilities need to be supported and adequately funded to enhance their capacity to care for mass casualties from road traffic accidents.
The need for curriculum-based sex-education on the sexuality of secondary students in Bushenyi-Ishaka municipality Bushenyi District
(Kampala International University, 2015) Akanem, Regina
This study examined the need for curriculum-based sex education on the sexuality of secondary school students in Bushenyi-Ishaka municipality, Bushenyi District in Western Uganda. The study objectives were to determine the level of knowledge of sex education among secondary school students in Bushenyi-Ishaka municipality, to establish the prevalence of sexually related problems among the chosen secondary schools and to find out the views of stake holders on the need for curriculum-based sex education as a means of alleviating the burden of sexuality-related problems in Bushenyi-Ishaka Municipality and in Uganda as a whole.
Hygiene practices among students in secondary schools in Bushenyi District Western Uganda
(Kampala International University, 2015) Hashi, Mohamoud Ahmed
The main focus of this study is to assess the hygiene practices among students in secondary schools in Bushenyi district. The study will be restricted to the different hygiene practices among students in secondary schools in Bushenyi district, establishing the hygiene practice and adequacy and status sanitary facilities in secondary school.
To determine the serostatus and frequency of ill health of HIV exposed infants in Ishaka Adventist Hospital, Uganda
(Kampala International University, 2015) Barasa, Ambrose M.
Acquired Immune deficiency syndrome was first reported in the United States in 1981 and has since become a major worldwide epidemic. An estimated 34 million people are living with HIV, according to UNAIDS estimates released early December 2011.
Factors contributing to puerpersal sepsis at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Ishaka Bushenyi Uganda
(Kampala International University, 2015) Barasa, Ambrose M.
The study aimed at identifying factors contributing to puerperal sepsis in post natal mothers in the maternity ward at Kampala International University Teaching Hospital(KIUTH).

Browse

Browsing Masters of Public Health by Issue Date

Results Per Page

Sort Options