Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (BMS)

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An Insight of Interleukin -6 and Fibrinogen: In Regulating the Immune System
(Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 2022) Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Emmanuel Muhimbura; Byamungu Pahari Kagenderezo; Sarah Nakyeyune; Getrude Uzoma Obeagu
The role of the liver as a critical part of the immune system involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. As a major source of acute phase proteins, including components of the complement system. Hepatocytes are an important part of innate immunity and play an important role in controlling inflammatory responses throughout the body. Acute-phase protein production in hepatocytes is controlled by various cytokines released during the inflammatory process, with IL-6 and IL-1 type cytokines acting as key regulators, cascading and synergistic regulation or it functions as a cascade network with inhibition. Effects on acute-phase protein expression. The pro inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 is an endogenous biochemical active during B cell maturation and inflammatory processes. Interleukin-6 plays an important role in regulating acute-phase protein synthesis in human hepatocytes.
Assessing self medication practices among students of Makerere University Business School Jinja Branch
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences (Western Campus), 2018-11) Amutuhaire, Alex
Objective: Globally, the practice of self-medication has been observed in both developing and developed countries. No data is available on the current status of self-medication practice in Makerere University of Business School Jinja Branch. The objective of this study is to assess the extent of self-medication practice among a random sample of students of Makerere University Business School Jinja Branch. Methods: study done was a cross-sectional, anonymous and questionnaire-based survey that included 174 participants of different academic levels at Makerere University Business School Jinja Branch. With A pre-validated questionnaire with several open-ended, and closed-ended questions was administered to the participants. Data were coded, entered, and analyzed using SPSS version 13. Results: seventy four percent of respondents were males and twenty six percentage females. The mean age of respondents was 19.9 years. 80% of respondents reported practicing self-medication. The average number of medications reported by self-medication practitioners was 2.63 ± 1.38 medications per respondent. Analgesics, decongestants, herbal remedies, and antibiotics were the most common classes reported in self-medication. Headache, high body temperature, stomach ache, cold and malaria were the most common ailments for which respondents seek self medication. The majority of respondents practiced self-medication because they believed they had the knowledge of the drug to take, claiming that there were no side effects, sickness was not serious, and some simple could not access the hospital. However, in selecting a particular type of medication the level of education, gender, and self-care orientation were influential. Conclusion: self-medication is very common among students of Makerere University Business School Jinja Branch with 80% of the respondents self-medicating. This practice is common for treating clinical conditions that are either simple or previously experienced, levels of self-care orientation and medication knowledge can be of value in analyzing the types of medications employed by self-medication practices.
Assessment of drug & substance abuse among HIV patients attending The AIDS Support Organisation (TASO) Mbarara-Uganda
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2013-12) Nyerengeta, Simon
The researcher was guided by the major objective of assessing drug & substance abuse among HIV patients attending The Aids Support Organization and specific objectives determining the prevalence of substance abuse among HIV patients at TASO Mbarara, identifying the factors influencing substance abuse among HIV patients at TASO Mbarara and correlate substance abuse among HIV patients at TASO Mbarara and education level, age & sex. and specific objectives which include
An assessment of experiences of medical interns at Kampala International University- Teaching hospital.
(Kampala international international : School of Health Sciences, 2014-06) Mwendwa, Mugaa Alexandria
Background: internship is an important program in the medical field, were new graduate doctors are mentored into the clinical fraternity this study was intended to explore the good and challenging experiences interns face in Kampala international university- teaching hospital, this was in view of internship having been going on for the past couple of years and yet no research has been done to asses it Uganda. Methodology: this study was conducted through a cross sectional survey, data was collected in june 2014 using questionnaires from 8 interns who were enrolled as the full population of interns at kiu-th, analysis was done by grouping and then sampling some of the actual responses within each group and presentation was done in tables. Finding: good experiences included: good and secure accommodation- 25% in of the population, so was friendly-25%, welcoming or cooperative staff and learning while consultants teaching students and learning new procedure among others, the challenging experiences were majorly: low patient turn-37.5% and patients are poor yet demand quality services, took 25% of the responses. Conclusion: medical internship is one of the most crucial moments in an upcoming doctor’s career yet from its inception in Uganda there has not been even one research done on the issues affecting them, this has left a big gap to be filled and this research has just opened the door, to researchers who are recommended to come up with more researches that will be to the benefit of intern
Assessment of factors affecting family planning service utilization among women of reproductive age in Jinja municipality
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences (Western Campus), 2018-11) Mukuba, Joseph
Introduction Uganda also has a high unmet need for FP services of 41% (UDHS 2006), (Shane Khan 2008). The contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) of Uganda is 26% (UDHS 2010).Among married women, it has recently improved from 24% to 30% and 54% among unmarried women (UDHS 2011), which is still unfortunately low. On that basis a study was undertaken in Jinja municipality to assess factors affecting family planning service utilization. Methodology Women of reproductive age were recruited to participate in the study. These were randomly selected in Jinja municipality. Quantitative data was collected using a structured questionnaire which was later tallied then put in frequencies and percentages. Using Microsoft excel 2007 data was presented using tables and graphs. Results Results indicated that women in Jinja municipality were knowledgeable of Family planning services. This was regarding accessibility at 83.3% (60) costs, and the various method of family planning. Social-economic characteristics affected FP utilization. Women between the ages of 35-44 were the majority at (73.7%). Majority were married (84.0%)either monogamous or polygamous,(76.5%) were educated compared to( 60%) that were primary dropouts, and 42% were house wives. Most variables have a positive relationship with family planning save for religion. Conclusion The results show that family planning utilization increases with age .It also shows that the level of education of the respondents is not a major influence of family planning utilization. Recommendations Particular emphasis on FP service of adolescents. Improve accessibility and availability of all FP services. Improving formal female education and need for FP counseling to be universally
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practises on sexually transmitted diseases/infections among the youths in bugolobi town,
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences (Western Campus), 2018-01) Mwangi Esther, Muthoni
Introduction: STIs/STDs are becoming neglected despite their contribution in morbidity and mortality. This could have resulted from the fact that most of them have become treatable since the discovery of effective antibiotics. This neglect has led to them creeping back with development of resistant strains that are hard to eradicate. The most affected group is the sexually active, highly experimental and naïve youth whose knowledge influences their attitudes and practice concerning STIs/STDS. Of more importance is the fact that most STIs are gateway infections to contraction of the deadly HIV and STIs can be put on check, HIV spread can be stalled. Given the public health importance, morbidity and mortality burden, plus the cost implications of neglecting STIs/STDs and their complications, plus the fact that neglecting them bears the risk of curtailing the HIV/AIDS scourge, a study into the knowledge, attitude and practice of the youth (most vulnerable) was conducted. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices on sexually transmitted diseases among the youths in Bugolobi Town in January 2018. Method: A descriptive study design was used which applied both qualitative and quantitative approaches in data collection and involved 114 study participants from Bugolobi. Results: The knowledge level of Bugolobi youth on STIs/STDs was high (98.25%) but their attitude was negative and practice poor as far as STI/STD prevention was concerned. Risky sexual practice e.g. with strangers (sex workers and for material gain) was rampant. Conclusion: Despite the youth of Bugolobi having satisfactory knowledge level concerning STIs/STDs, their attitude, and consequently practices, are wanting. Still a lot needs to be done to convert the knowledge into attitude change and appropriate practices. Recommendations: The youth need to change their attitudes and practices, refrain from early sexual debut and embrace condom use at every sexual contact. More funds and efforts needed in awareness creation as pertains to STIs/STDs.
Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practice of induced abortion among secondary and univeristy students in Fortportal municipality, Kabarole District
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2017-11) Namutebi, Sharifah
Abortion is a contentious issue with religious, moral, cultural and political dimensions. The doctrines of religious denominations in Uganda frown at abortion making it hard for adolescents and young adults who have had it in the past to want to talk about it. Those who want to do it go to places where no one will recognize them, and want it done as quickly as possible to avoid stigmatization and mockery. The complications of induced abortions have been documented in many studies around the world but knowledge and attitudes about induced abortions among young people have been addressed in very few previous studies. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes and practices of induced abortion among secondary and university students in Fortportal municipality, Kabarole district. A cross section descriptive study design was adopted. A multistage sampling method was used to select 150 respondents from purposively selected five institutions (three secondary schools and two universities) with each contributing randomly selected 30 respondents. Data was collected with a self administered questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS version 20. The questionnaire was divided into four sections: socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge about induced abortion, attitudes towards induced abortion and the practice of induced abortions. Responses to knowledge and attitude statements were scored and graded as good, moderate and poor for knowledge, then positive and negative for attitude. The response rate was 95.3%, the majority (87%) of the respondents had moderate (33%) to good (54%) knowledge. 81.8% of respondents had negative attitude and 18.2% had a positive attitude towards induced abortion. 6% of the respondents had done an induced abortion while 46% knew a friend/relative that had an induced abortion. Despite the good knowledge and negative attitude, induced abortion is still practiced and because of its illegal status in this country, it is done in hiding and often in dangerous places where complications are more likely to happen.
Assessment of medical students’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards medical waste management in KIU-TH in Bushenyi Uganda
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences (Western Campus), 2018-05) Gumoshabe, Tarasis
ntroduction. One of the problems Uganda faces today is the improper handling and disposal of biomedical wastes which has increased the prevalence of needle stick injuries in most hospitals that accounts for the increased cases of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV and numbers of health personnel on post exposure prophylaxis medications .It is the role of every health worker to dispose biomedical waste properly. Medical students being the future of the health sector there is need for their proper training regarding biomedical waste management. This therefore motivated the researcher to assess medical students’ knowledge, attitude and practice regarding medical waste management in KIUTH in Bushenyi Uganda. Objectives: This study aims to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of medical students on medical waste disposal at KIUTH in Uganda. Methodology. A quantitative cross-sectional research approach was used at Kampala international university teaching hospital found in Bushenyi district Uganda. The study respondents included undergraduate medical students pursing bachelors’ degree of medicine and surgery in clinical classes from third to fifth years practicing at KIUTH during the time of the study. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires analyzed using charts, graphs and tables. Results. Out of 377 respondents ,230(61%) were male while 147(39%) were female; majority were of ages between 21-25 years with 259 students,69 of ages between 26-30 years,29 respondents were of ages 31-35 years while 20 respondent were above 35 years.53 % of the respondents were third years ,26% were 4th years while 21% were in 5th year. 90% agreed to routine use of personal protective equipment while handling medical waste,6% disagreed while 4% responded with neural .79% had knowledge regarding waste disposal,15% had no knowledge while 6% were neutral .
Codeine Substitute Challenges Drug and Substance Abuse Controls in Nigeria: Histopathology Evaluations of Norvegicus rattus on Lacatomtom
(Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medical Research, 2022) Nnaemeka Okorie; Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu; Olayinka Catherine Adeniran; Azi Simon Onyema; Ude, Ugomma Agwu
Codeine substitute challenges to drug and substance abuse controls in Nigeria: Histopathology evaluations of Norvegicus rattus on lacatomtom is novel research that aimed to evaluate the Codeine substitute challenges to drugs and substance abuse; histopathology perspective and oxidative biomarkers evaluation of the tissues cum chemical pathology analysis of the serum of the control and intervened subjects. The experimental subjects were grouped into control, acute and chronic (T1, T2, and T3) respectively; the acute groups of the oral administration of lacatomtom mixture were given 0.01mg/g of lacatomtom for 14 days while the chronic were given for 42 days and periodically weighed and recorded; The Animals were sacrificed and the organs harvested following ethical procedures for animal killing. The blood and tissues of the harvested organs (blood, lungs, liver, and kidney) under investigation were subjected to chemical pathology analysis to assess the liver and kidney functions, then proceeded to histopathological examination using formalin fixed paraffin processed methods with both routine and special stains, liver, lungs and kidney homogenate were subjected to oxidative stress biomarkers test (MDA, SOD, Gpx, GSH and Catalase). Histopathology results first revealed a severe cellular injury in all the organs under study compare to the normal control; significance (p<0.5) elevation found among some enzymes AST, ALP ALT are also an indication of damaged liver, increase MDA and reduced SOD, Gpx, GSH and catalase correlate the histology results and biochemistry.
Determination of the occurrence of bipolar affective disorder among patients attending KIUTH mental health unit
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2013-03) Muni, Safi Musa
The study was conducted and the objectives that guided it were to determine the prevalence of bipolar affective disorders among patients attending KIUTH mental health unit,to determine the risk factors associated with bipolar affective disorders among patients attending KIUTH mental health unit and to determine the relationship between bipolar affective disorders and socio demographic characteristics of patients attending KIUTH mental health unit
Factors associated with contraceptive use among women who presented with induced abortions in Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital Uganda.
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences (Western Campus), 2018-04) Amina Amin, Nadhir
Background Over 100,000 abortions are performed daily and 50% of these are unsafe ( Lalonde A, Beaudoin F, Smith J, Plourde S, Perron L,2006) . According to WHO, about 30,000 women of reproductive age in Sub-Saharan Africa die from abortions related complications performed by untrained and unskilled healthcare providers using unacceptable procedures ( WHO,2008) . In Uganda, 297,00 abortions are performed every year most of which are done by unskilled healthcare providers such as pharmacists, clinical officers and community based traditional attendants (Singh S, Moore A, Bankole A, Mirembe F, Wulf D, 2006). Methods A retrospective cross sectional study was done using both quantitative and qualitative data collected from a list of 249 women with history of induced abortion out of 582 women who presented with abortions during the study period at department of obstetrics and gynecology Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital Uganda. Secondary data was collected and examined using a Pre-Tested Questionnaire from patients’ medical record files and available registers at different service points in the hospital. The data was then analysed and displayed using tables and charts. Results The research showed the prevalence of contraceptive use among women with induced abortion in Fort Portal Regional Referral hospital is 63.4%. However, factors found independently associated with contraceptive use among women with induced abortion were; age, not being a student and having a source of income.Conclusion
Factors influencing utilization of long acting contraceptive methods among women attending much clinic at Jinja regional referral hospital
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences (Western Campus), 2018-11) Ahmed Abdulkareem, Kamal
Background: Unintended pregnancy remains an alarming global public health concern with its subsequent socioeconomic impact on individuals, families, and society. Over time the use of long acting contraceptive methods (LACMs) has not kept pace with that of short-acting methods such as oral contraceptives (pills) and injectable and reasons for their low uptake are not well known. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the level of utilization of LACM among women attending MCH clinic at Jinja regional referral hospital (JRRH) and factors that may influence the utilization of such contraceptive methods. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data from 52 respondents. Collected data was entered into IBM SPSS 25.0 for data analysis. Chi square test was done to determine factors associated with use of LACM. Results were presented in tables and charts. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 27.6±4.8 (SD) years. Prevalence of LACM was 26.9%. Factors associated with use of LACMs were; mother’s age ≥30 years and current number of children ≥4. i.e (X2=11.47; p=0.001) and (X2=37.66; P=<0.001) respectively. Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of LACM use among women attending MCH clinic at JRRH was low(26.9%) as compared to short acting contraceptive methods(73.1%). Significant factors associated with use of LACM were woman’s age ≥30 years and parity ≥4. This study recommends that, health workers in MCH and stakeholders should come up with ways to increase utilization of long acting contraceptive methods by women of less than thirty years old and parity of equal or less than three. Also, more research should be done to ascertain the reason why the prevalence is low.
Factors that influence male partner involvement in emergency obstetric care in Fortportal regional referral hospital
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2018-04) Norah, Ngami Mutuku
Male partner involvement has been recognized as a key factor in improving maternal health and reducing maternal mortality in settings where men play key role in decision making in the household. Male partner involvement is one of the strategies that can be used to accelerate the decline in maternal mortality and improve maternal health. The objective of this study was to determine the level of male partner involvement in emergency obstetric care and/or came from home in labour and identify factors that influenced their involvement. A cross-sectional survey using interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was conducted among 150 women aged 18 years. Male involvement was measured using a composite measure of 5 key points. Pearson Chi-Square was used to test association between the various factors and the level of male involvement and logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the influence of these factors on the level of male involvement. The mean age of participants was 32.9 years (SD=8.2). Overall, 26.4% had high level of involvement, 55.2% had moderate level of involvement and 18.4% had low level of involvement. The period with the highest proportion of high male involvement was during labour and delivery. Younger age (18-25years vs. 26-35years: OR=0.28, 95%CI: 0.12, 0.66) and the couple living with other family members negatively impacted on the level of male involvement. On the other hand, higher level of education (Tertiary: OR=40.57, 95%CI- 3.16, 520.32; Senior Secondary: OR=7.73, 95% CI- 1.61, 37.15) and the couple living together (OR= 13.12, 95%CI 6.86, 25.08) had a positive influence on the level of male involvement. Healthcare institution barriers to male partner involvement included poor staff attitudes, restrictions on male access to labour and delivery rooms and unwelcoming health facility environment. Male involvement in emergency obstetric care and/or came from home in labour was not optimal. Improving male-friendliness of health facilities in terms of infrastructure, organization of services and staff attitudes and education of the community especially men to sensitize them against the negative attitudes towards male participation in maternity care can improve male involvement. The Hospital management Team in collaboration with the community leaders should organize educational campaigns within the communities to educate community members especially the men, on the importance and benefits of male involvement in maternal health care. Such campaigns can also address negative socio cultural norms and attitudes.The hospital should restructure the maternal health clinics to make them more male friendly. Adequate space and privacy must be provided.Given the sociocultural diversity in the country, more research must be encouraged in this important area to enable the design of culturally appropriate and sensitive male friendly services throughout the country.
Influence of parental knowledge and attitude on childhood immunization in a selected households of Bushenyi District
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2018-10) Ezeofor, Scholastica .C
Vaccine preventable diseases are considered one of the main causes of sicknesses and deaths among children all over the world. Parents’ knowledge and attitudes towards immunization are likely influencing vaccination uptake. Vaccination is one of the most cost effective public health tools to prevent infectious diseases.This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of parents towards immunization in Bushenyi District. That is to determine the basic knowledge and attitude of mothers, fathers and caretakers living in Bushenyi District towards childhood immunization (KATCI) and to demonstrate how these KATCI correlate with the full, on-time vaccination status of the children of these parents.This study was a prospective, cross sectional study at Kampala International University Western Campus. Using simple random sampling, a sample size of 100 participants of mothers, fathers, and caretakers was selected and data collected with self-administered questionnaires. The data was analyzed using Chi square and frequency in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences [SPSS].The study revealed that 91.5% of the children had been immunized belonging to 94 parents who participated in the study in Bushenyi District. Four point seven (4.7%) were not immunized while 3.8% were not fully immunized. Different factors were advanced by the parents for not immunizing or not fully immunizing their children. These are related to knowledge, attitudes and practice of the parents. The following factors affect parent’s attitude towards childhood immunization: education of parents, misconception about immunization caused by the different sources of information, ignorance of parents on the importance of immunization, fear of side effects and safety concerns about the vaccines, religious beliefs, gender based disparities and distance to the health centres.From the findings, it could be concluded that the low coverage of immunisation and completion of immunisation in Bushenyi District is due to parental knowledge and attitudes towards childhood immunization. Factors such as poverty, age, sex, poverty, religious beliefs, misinformation, side effects of the vaccines, distance to the healthcare centres, and busy schedules of parents have contributed to the poor parental knowledge and attitude towards immunization. Having improper dissemination of information and communication about immunization was found as one of the reasons for poor parental knowledge and attitude towards immunization of their children and/or completion of their children’s immunization schedules.
Knowledge on HIV post exposure prophylaxisis among the health care workers in Ishaka Bushenyi
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2013-03) Mwadali, Harun Mwaeni
Each day thousands of healthcare workers (HCWs), around the world, suffer accidental occupational exposures during the course of their role of caring for patients. Occupational exposure to blood or other body fluids in health care settings constitutes significant risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other blood-borne pathogens. Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a medical response to prevent transmission of pathogens after potential exposure and refers to comprehensive management instituted to minimize the risk of infection following potential exposure to blood-borne pathogens (HIV, HBV, HCV). This study was designed to assess the level of awareness of HIV PEP among the health care workers in Ishaka-Bushenyi. Data about awareness and knowledge was collected using a self administered questionnaire. One hundred twenty seven (127), respondents comprising doctors, clinical officers, laboratory personnel, pharmacists, nurses and midwives were recruited into the study. The highest number of respondents (39.69%) were nurses while the doctors with 2.29% were the least in number. 98.47% of the respondents were aware of occupational HIV PEP. 96.95% believe HIV PEP works. Only 66.67% reported to seek PEP incase of exposure. Knowledge about when to initiate HIV PEP, period of taking and HIV PEP drug combinations was scanty. All healthcare units should ensure to have adequate staff counseling and education about risk of infection after occupational exposure. HCPs should be educated to report occupational exposures immediately after the occurrence, particularly because HIV - PEP is most effective if administered soon after the exposure.
Knowledge, attitude and practices of caregivers of children under five years on diarrhea prevention at kijomoro health centre iii, olufu sub-county, maracha district
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences (Western Campus), 2018-11) Tiko, Annet
Introduction: Diarrhoea, especially among the under-fives is a matter of public health importance globally given the annual morbidity and mortality it causes to this vulnerable age group. Globally, in 2015, it was estimated that diarrhoea was the leading cause of death among all ages (1·31 million deaths, 95% uncertainty interval [95% UI] 1·23 million to 1·39 million), as well as a leading cause of DALYs because of its disproportionate impact on young children (71·59 million DALYs, 66·44 million to 77·21 million). Diarrhoea was a common cause of death among children under 5 years old. When diarrhea becomes persistent in the community, it threatens children’s quality of life and strains the capacity of the economy and households (families) in terms of incurred costs in the health sector and medical bills. However, reduction can be achieved by following preventive measures, which are cost effective in the long run. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess caregivers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding the prevention of diarrhea in children under five years at Kijomoro Health Centre III Olufu Sub County, Maracha District in June 2018 Objective: to assess the caregivers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on prevention of diarrhea in children under five years at Kijomoro Health Centre III Olufu Sub County, Maracha District in June 2018. Method: A cross-sectional study that involved 217 caregivers to children aged below five years in Kijomoro Health Centre III in Olufu Sub-County was used. Data was collected using a specifically tailored questionnaire aimed at meeting the study objectives. Results: A total of two hundred and seventeen (217) caregivers took part in the study. Caregivers had adequate knowledge, poor attitudes and inappropriate practice as far as diarrhoea prevention among the under-fives was concerned. Conclusion: In spite of the impressive knowledge on diarrhoea and diarrhoea prevention of the caregivers of the under-fives of Olufu Sub-county, their attitudes and practices do not reflect this. Their attitude and practice leave a lot to be desired.
Knowledge, attitude and practices towards the prevention and control of schistosomiasis amongst the community at Butiaba landing site, Buliisa District
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2014-10) Afeti, Alex
Schistosomiasis is an “emerging tragedy in our new global health decade” being endemic in 76 countries of the world affecting about 200 million people of the 700 million people living in the endemic areas. Even with readily available drugs, the pervasiveness of the intermediate host snails and the ease at which re-infection occurs; its control still presents an important challenge for public health services around the world. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices amongst the residents of Piida B village, Butiaba landing site towards the prevention and control of Schistosomiasis. I conducted a cross sectional qualitative study where a population of 246 respondents were interviewed using pre-coded questionnaires. The demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and practices were then established and data generated and presented using tables, graphs and charts. I found out that over 87% of the respondents had some general knowledge about Schistosomiasis although 206 (84%) had no or very low level (primary school dropout) of formal Education and fishing was the main occupation 101 (41%). There was also continuous contamination of the lake with faecal matter with 83 (74%) reported defecating either in the lake or nearby bush at lakeshore while in water, as well as contact with lake water amongst 235 (96%) without the use of any protective gadgets amongst 190 (90%) with 197 (93%) accepted uptake of PZQ tablets during mass deworming. In conclusion in spite of the good general knowledge about Schistosomiasis, its prevention and control still possess a big challenge. I recommend continuous Health Education on proper disposal of human faeces and urine; avoid contact with lake water or use of protective gadgets as well as annual mass deworming.
Knowledge, perception and practice of safe male circumcision towards hiv prevention among male students in selected public secondary schools in Ishaka-bushenyi Municipality.
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences (Western Campus), 2018-10) Mpumuzibwe, Keneth
Introduction: The government of Uganda developed a policy of safe male circumcision in January 2010 to be part of basic health care services with the aim of reducing the risk of spread of HIV infection. However, the decision to conduct safe male circumcision carries various cultural and ethical challenges. Little is known about whether male circumcision interventions would be acceptable or feasible in traditionally non-circumcising areas of Africa. The study was intended to examine some of the underlying social factors associated to knowledge, perception and practice of male circumcision among the male students in selected secondary schools in Ishaka-Bushenyi municipality that may contribute to the challenges in implementing the policy. Objective: To assess the knowledge, perception and practice of male circumcision towards HIV prevention among male students in selected secondary schools in Ishaka-Bushenyi municipality. Method: A descriptive cross sectional study using quantitative methods of data collection was used. A total of 412 students took part in the study. Results: Despite good knowledge pertaining male circumcision, perceptions and uptake were not impressive. Only 74(18.03%) of the respondents had been circumcised. 54(13.11%) had been circumcised in infancy or childhood for religious reasons (Muslims) while the remaining 20 stated cultural/traditional reasons for their circumcision. Conclusion: The uptake of male circumcision among the secondary school students of Bushenyi is low with satisfactory knowledge but a negative perception towards MC. More needs to be done in terms of awareness creation and cultural change as far as MC is concerned.
Prevalence and associated factors of urinary tract infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Kiryandongo General Hospital
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences (Western Campus), 2018-04) Wanyenya, Mona
Urinary tract infections (UTI) is a common problem in women most especially pregnant women. This can lead to morbidity, miscarriages, abortions and sometimes death. The study aimed at determining the prevalence of UTI and associated factors among pregnant women attending ANC in Kiryandongo general hospital This study examined the prevalence of UTIs and associated factors in 100 pregnant women attending ANC in Kiryandongo general hospital from June 2017 to December 2017 where retrospective descriptive study was used where retrospective review of medical records from which required data was obtained The general prevalence of UTI was 18% while the age specific prevalence was 9%(15-19), 17.5%(20-25), 12.5%(26-30),33%(31-35),33%(36-45) associated more with maternal age >31years, low socioeconomic status, no education ,being married, increasing gestational age. Urinary tract infections are common during pregnancy .it occurs in all age groups of pregnant women however with increasing age, the prevalence of UTI increases therefore they should be well investigated earlier for better management and care in order to prevent the complications both to the mother and the fetus
Prevalence and contributing factors of high risk pregnancies among women attending antenatal clinic at Mubende regional referral hospital Mubende district, Uganda
(Kampala International University. School of Health Sciences Western Campus, 2018-03) Sabina, Bright
In 2013, complications of pregnancy resulted globally in 293,000 deaths, down from 377,000 deaths in 1990. The most common causes of maternal mortality are maternal bleeding, maternal sepsis and other infections, hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, obstructed labor, and pregnancy with abortive outcome, which includes miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, and elective abortion (GBD 2013) .Across sectional study design was used to determine the prevalence of high risk pregnancies among mothers who attend ANC in Mubende Regional Hospital. A systematic random sampling to obtain a sample of 384 respondents, and structured questionnaire to collect data were used. Data was coded, entered, and prevalence of high risk pregnancies was analyzed with SPSS, reporting frequency counts and percentages and then treated to descriptive statistics.The prevalence of high risk pregnancy was 72.7%. Among the contributing factors for high risk BMI more than 25 124(32.3) was the most common followed by too soon pregnancies 107(27.9) and the least was systolic blood pressure more than 140 5(1.3). A big number of mothers who attended ANC in, 277(72.1) had high risk pregnancies.The prevalence of high risk factors among pregnant mothers is very high.We recommend organization of out reaches to sensitize the community on dangers of high risk pregnancies to the mother and the child; and health education about the causes and prevention of the effects of high risk pregnancies.

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