Masters of Human Rights and Development

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    Child Labour and Female Education Rights in Waberi District, Somalia.
    (2024) Badria Nur Mohamed
    The study aimed at examining the effects of child labor on the education rights of female primary students in Waberi-Somalia, based on the Structural Strains theory. The specific objectives were to establish the effect of child labor on education enrolment of female students in primary schools in Waberi District, Somalia, to assess the effect of child labor on education retention of female students in primary schools in Waberi District, Somalia, and to examine the effect of child labor on the educational performance of female students in primary schools in Waberi District, Somalia. The study was based on both Structural Strains theory and Idealistic Theory of Rights. A sample size of 232 households was selected out of a target population of 550 using Slovene's formula. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires and interviews. The study found that the effect of child labor on the education enrollment of female students was significant (mean = 2.96). Addressing child labor and promoting girls' access to quality education were identified as crucial areas for intervention. The findings also revealed a substantial impact of child labor on education retention (mean = 2.87). Recommendations included addressing child labor, providing financial incentives, creating safe learning environments, and challenging gender norms. The study indicated a noteworthy effect of child labor on the educational performance of female students (mean = 2.87). Mitigating this impact requires addressing child labor practices, providing academic support, and creating an environment conducive to balancing responsibilities. The study concluded that child labor negatively affects pupils' performance, attendance, and access to scholastic materials. Child labor primarily targets poverty-affected and vulnerable children. The existing laws on child protection need reinforcement, and efforts should focus on eliminating child labor to ensure a promising next generation and align with Sustainable Development Goals. From the findings and conclusions made the student recommended that the Ministry of Gender, Labor, and Social Development should lead coordination efforts, enact stringent laws against child labor, and ensure effective enforcement. More so the National Committee on Child Labor should guide, sensitize, and support programs against child labor, integrating concerns into policy reviews, plans, budgets, and activities. Furthermore, the Child Labor Unit should coordinate the implementation of anti-child labor program activities at the focal point. The study highlights the urgency of addressing child labor to improve educational outcomes and underscores the importance of collaboration between government agencies, committees, and local communities in tackling this pervasive issue in Waberi, Somalia. The recommendations aim to pave the way for a more promising future and align with broader development goals.
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    Poverty And Children’s Right To Education in Bosaso, Somalia
    (2024) Abdirizak Mohamud Ahmed
    The study was set to examine the influence of poverty on children’s right to education in Bosaso, Somalia. The following were the objectives of this study (i) to examine the effect of feeding on the children’s rights to education in Bosaso, Somalia, (ii) to assess the influence of parents’ income on the children’s rights to education in Bosaso, Somalia and (iii) to evaluate the effects of school infrastructure and maintenance on the children’s rights to education in Bosaso, Somalia. The study was guided by the theory of Individual Deficiencies by Gans, (2015). The study adopted a descriptive correlational survey design because it is quick and appropriate for the completion of the project within the stipulated period of time. The target population of this research comprised of respondents from ministry of education, Human right sector, CSO, and other authorized persons which total to 300 people. A sample of 170 was taken as per krecie’s and Morgan’s table following a target population of 300 people. The researcher used Questionnaires surveys and interviews as the main data collection methods. The findings indicate that the majority of the respondents agreed that the influence of feeding on Children’s rights to education. This is supported by the strong agreements for the questions that the researcher sought the respondents to provide responses for example the findings showed that respondents food served at school is —always enough where majority of the respondents strongly agreed about the statement. The study concluded that while there are positive perceptions regarding the adequacy of food, timeliness, provision of drinking water, and daily breakfast, there are also concerns about the cleanliness of the food preparation area, the adequacy of the dining hall, and the variety of foods provided. Addressing these concerns could contribute to a more effective and satisfactory feeding program, positively impacting children's rights to education. From the above findings and conclusions made the study recommended that the government should gear poverty eradication programs among parents in order to eliminate poverty among parents as this generally affects the academic performance of the students. Also the parents should provide a variety of foods to improve student’s diet and the ability to study effectively for the purposes of improving on their academic performance. Furthermore Schools should improve on the health services of students by modernizing the standard of the school clinics and sick bays.
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    Child Labour and Female Education Rights in Waberi District, Somalia.
    (2024-05) Badria Nur Mohamed
    The study aimed at examining the effects of child labor on the education rights of female primary students in Waberi-Somalia, based on the Structural Strains theory. The specific objectives were to establish the effect of child labor on education enrolment of female students in primary schools in Waberi District, Somalia, to assess the effect of child labor on education retention of female students in primary schools in Waberi District, Somalia, and to examine the effect of child labor on the educational performance of female students in primary schools in Waberi District, Somalia. The study was based on both Structural Strains theory and Idealistic Theory of Rights. A sample size of 232 households was selected out of a target population of 550 using Slovene's formula. The instruments used for data collection were questionnaires and interviews. The study found that the effect of child labor on the education enrollment of female students was significant (mean = 2.96). Addressing child labor and promoting girls' access to quality education were identified as crucial areas for intervention. The findings also revealed a substantial impact of child labor on education retention (mean = 2.87). Recommendations included addressing child labor, providing financial incentives, creating safe learning environments, and challenging gender norms. The study indicated a noteworthy effect of child labor on the educational performance of female students (mean = 2.87). Mitigating this impact requires addressing child labor practices, providing academic support, and creating an environment conducive to balancing responsibilities. The study concluded that child labor negatively affects pupils' performance, attendance, and access to scholastic materials. Child labor primarily targets poverty-affected and vulnerable children. The existing laws on child protection need reinforcement, and efforts should focus on eliminating child labor to ensure a promising next generation and align with Sustainable Development Goals. From the findings and conclusions made the student recommended that the Ministry of Gender, Labour, and Social Development should lead coordination efforts, enact stringent laws against child labor, and ensure effective enforcement. More so the National Committee on Child Labor should guide, sensitize, and support programs against child labor, integrating concerns into policy reviews, plans, budgets, and activities. Furthermore, the Child Labor Unit should coordinate the implementation of anti-child labor program activities at the focal point. The study highlights the urgency of addressing child labor to improve educational outcomes and underscores the importance of collaboration between government agencies, committees, and local communities in tackling this pervasive issue in Waberi, Somalia. The recommendations aim to pave the way for a more promising future and align with broader development goals.
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    Poverty and Children’s Right to Education in Bosaso, Somalia
    (2024-07) Abdirizak Mohamud Ahmed
    The study was set to examine the influence of poverty on children’s right to education in Bosaso, Somalia. The following were the objectives of this study (i) to examine the effect of feeding on the children’s rights to education in Bosaso, Somalia, (ii) to assess the influence of parents’ income on the children’s rights to education in Bosaso, Somalia and (iii) to evaluate the effects of school infrastructure and maintenance on the children’s rights to education in Bosaso, Somalia. The study was guided by the theory of Individual Deficiencies by Gans, (2015). The study adopted a descriptive correlational survey design because it is quick and appropriate for the completion of the project within the stipulated period of time. The target population of this research comprised of respondents from ministry of education, Human right sector, CSO, and other authorized persons which total to 300 people. A sample of 170 was taken as per krecie’s and Morgan’s table following a target population of 300 people. The researcher used Questionnaires surveys and interviews as the main data collection methods. The findings indicate that the majority of the respondents agreed that the influence of feeding on Children’s rights to education. This is supported by the strong agreements for the questions that the researcher sought the respondents to provide responses for example the findings showed that respondents food served at school is —always enough where majority of the respondents strongly agreed about the statement. The study concluded that while there are positive perceptions regarding the adequacy of food, timeliness, provision of drinking water, and daily breakfast, there are also concerns about the cleanliness of the food preparation area, the adequacy of the dining hall, and the variety of foods provided. Addressing these concerns could contribute to a more effective and satisfactory feeding program, positively impacting children's rights to education. From the above findings and conclusions made the study recommended that the government should gear poverty eradication programs among parents in order to eliminate poverty among parents as this generally affects the academic performance of the students. Also the parents should provide a variety of foods to improve student’s diet and the ability to study effectively for the purposes of improving on their academic performance. Furthermore Schools should improve on the health services of students by modernizing the standard of the school clinics and sick bays.
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    Gender-Based Violence and Child Education Rights: A Study of Ministry Of Women and Human Rights Development, Hiran Somalia
    (2024) Abdirahman Aden Ahmed
    This study was set to investigate the effects of gender-based violence on girls’ education rights in Hiran, Somalia. The following objectives were examined, to examine the effects of sexual violence on the educational rights of girls in Hiran, Somalia, to assess the impact of physical violence on girls’ right to education in Hiran, Somalia, and to evaluate the effects of emotional violence on girls’ education rights in Hiran district-Somalia school. This study was underpinned on the Social Learning Theory of Bandura which gives emphasis to observational learning modeling. The study used descriptive correlation research design that focused on investigations which was majorly quantitative to collect and analyze data in order to describe the specific phenomenon in its current trends, current events and linkages between different factors at the current time, a sample size of 120 respondents was selected from the population of 172 people using, Slovene’s formula. A number of tools were used during collection of data and these included: questionnaire, Interviews and documentary review. It was discovered that the average mean of the effects of Sexual violence on educational rights of girls in Hiran District, Somalia was 3.98 equivalent to high. This implies that Sexual violence affects the educational rights of girls. The study also revealed that the average mean of the effects of Physical violence on educational rights of girls in Hiran District, Somalia was 3.9 which were also high on the scale and this implies that Physical violence has a significant impact on violation of the educational rights of girls in Hiran District, Somalia. It was also found out that the average mean of effects of Emotional Violence on educational rights of girls in Hiran District, Somalia was 3.9 which is equivalent to very high. The implication is that Gender-based Violence hinders the protection of educational rights of girls in Hiran District. The study concluded that violence has always affected the child’s rights in several ways. The study recommended counseling parents on the proper ways of handling the families in order to reduce their ways of violence in the families, the alternative ways of punishments can therefore substitute the corporal punishments of abuse, this will lead to the abolition of the forms of abuse that are disastrous to the families. More so the government should enact and enforce restrictive measures since gender-based violence has been found as the main cause of physical harm in Hiran District. The government should strengthen education programs since these people with low level of education are more likely to engage into violence because of little knowledge on the outcomes.