Masters of Human Rights and Development

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    Cultural Norms and Early Child Marriage:
    (Kampala International University, 2023-11) Rose, Guo Kasara
    ABSTRACT This study examined the relationship between cultural norms and early child marriage in the Bari community of Luri, South Sudan. Specifically, it investigates the impact of bride price, clan practices, and sexual practices on early child marriages within the community. A mixed method design was employed, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods to capture a comprehensive understanding of the subject. The study population consisted of 58 households from the Bari community, as early marriages predominantly occur within family households. A sample size of 50 respondents was purposively and randomly selected for the study. Questionnaires were used as the primary research tool for data collection, employing close-ended questions. The empirical findings reveal significant relationships between bride price, clan practices, sexual practices, and early child marriage. A positive correlation was observed between bride price and early child marriage, indicating that higher bride prices increased the likelihood of early marriage by 35.5%. Similarly, clan practices were found to have a positive correlation with early child marriage, suggesting that an increase in clan practices led to a 58% higher likelihood of early marriage. Sexual practices also demonstrated a significant positive correlation, with a unit increase associated with a 51.4% increase in early child marriage. Based on the findings, it is evident that bride price practices, clan practices, and sexual practices contribute to the prevalence of early child marriage in the Bari community. Additionally, the study highlights the challenges in reporting such cases, as girls fear social exposure and the failure of family bonds. The power dynamics within marriages, where men exert control and discipline over their wives, are identified as factors perpetuating early child marriage. The study recommends that technocrats in the Bari community provide training on the management of early child marriage to clan leaders and community members. These individuals hold significant influence within the community and can effectively address the issue. Furthermore, efforts should be made to address gender imbalances in community leadership to encourage girls to report cases of early child marriage without fear or hesitation. This study sheds light on the cultural norms and practices that contribute to early child marriage in the Bari community of Luri, South Sudan. By understanding these factors, interventions can be designed to promote gender equality, protect the rights of girls, and alleviate the prevalence of early child marriage.
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    Covid-19 Prevention Measures and Children’s Rights:
    (Kampala International University, 2023-10-04) Arweesh, Qasim Baderaldin Albager
    Historically, pandemics are not new to humanity. Over the years, a number of pandemics of devastating impacts have occurred in human history. To this end, a pandemic of a global scale is inevitable to humanity. The Covid-19 pandemic is one of such global pandemics. A number of reports claim that the Covid-19 pandemic is the most serious pandemic since the Spanish influenza of 1918. Several major pandemics have affected humans and economies. These include influenza, smallpox, plague, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), cholera, dengue, West Nile disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and tuberculosis (TB). Influenza pandemics are unpredictable but cyclical events that can have serious effects on societies worldwide
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    Women’s Participation and Conflict Resolution.
    (Kampala International University, 2023-11) Confidence, Ifeanyi Ebube
    The study's title was women participation and conflict resolution. A case study of Gombe Local Government Area, Nigeria. It was driven by these three objectives; (i)To examine the impact of women political participation in conflict resolution in Gombe state, Nigeria (ii) To evaluate the impact of women cultural participation on conflict resolution in Gombe state, Nigeria (iii) To assess the impact of women social participation on conflict resolution in Gombe state, Nigeria. The biggest danger to Nigerian democracy and unity is the widespread insecurity brought on by numerous intercommunal conflicts. Competition for access to land and other natural resources is the main cause of intercommunal conflicts in Nigeria. The Gombe local government area has seen significant economic and human loss as a result of the communal warfare that has plagued the region for over two decades. The study examined the impact of women's participation on how conflicts were settled in the Gombe local government in Nigeria. The study specifically looked at how women's participation in politics, culture, and society affected how conflicts were resolved. The research design used in this study is descriptive. Using Slovene's formula, a sample size of 399 respondents was drawn from the research population of 266,844 people. Interviews were utilized to collect data from respondents who had been specifically chosen for the study while the questionnaire was used to reach respondents who had been chosen at random to participate in the study. Additionally, the information derived from the research was created using the arranged and analyzed data that was obtained. The results showed that women's political participation had a substantial influence on how conflicts were resolved in the research area. The results also showed that women's cultural and social participation have a big impact on resolving conflicts in the Gombe Local Government region. The study draws the conclusion that women's participation in conflict resolution plays a significant role based on these findings. The report urges everyone involved to ensure women's participation in peace processes, from conflict prevention to negotiations to post-war information and reconstruction, based on its findings. Realizing women's full participation in conflict resolution has a lot of possibilities. According to the study's recommendations, the Nigerian government should coordinate, advocate for, work in conjunction with, and network with the various development partners, including both domestic and foreign intermediary NGOs for women, the private sector, and increased public/private partnerships that provide more direct and alternative forms of conflict resolution. In order to properly refocus service delivery on conflict resolution, the Nigerian government must assess the successes and difficulties encountered throughout program implementation. In order for all stakeholders at the level of women to support and implement education and health ordinances, women leaders should abide by bylaws that can significantly strengthen the existing laws. With increased use of information, education, and communication (IEC) materials like women's radios, magazines, and announcements in churches and public meetings, women leaders should have the ability to be a vital channel for two-way information collection and distribution. The study added information by demonstrating that the necessity of including women in local decision-making has not been sufficiently acknowledged. This study demonstrated the importance of women's participation in peaceful coexistence. Its significance in resolving disputes cannot be overstated. Women and girls must therefore be equipped with information resources that may be used to facilitate and improve the coordination of resolving conflicts if they are to actively participate in conflict resolution.
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    Cash-Based Intervention and Host Community Livelihood in Kiryandongo Refugee Settlement, Kiryandongo District, Uganda
    (Kampala International University, 2023-11) James, Ochen
    This study examines the influence of cash-based interventions (CBI) on the host community's livelihood in the Kiryandongo refugee settlement, Uganda. It evaluated a shift in humanitarian relief strategies, with the integration of CBI alongside traditional in-kind aid. CBI not only meets the fundamental needs of refugees through cash support but also significantly contributes to the development of the local host economy. However, the impact of CBI on host communities has received limited attention in previous research. Grounded in Marc Zimmerman's empowerment theory, this study focuses on the unique context of Kiryandongo, characterized by rapid population growth and below-average socio-economic indicators. It investigates CBI's effects on host community livelihood, encompassing agriculture, small businesses, and locally produced goods and services. The research, employed a case-study design with 384 respondents and 15 key informants, relies on both primary and secondary data for analysis. Findings revealed a substantial positive impact of CBI on the livelihoods of both refugees and the host community in Kiryandongo. Approximately 80% of field reports corroborated these positive effects. CBI indirectly stimulated agriculture, supported small businesses, enhanced local goods and services, and improved infrastructure. Study confirms Cash-Based Interventions' profound impact on Kiryandongo refugee settlement, enhancing livelihoods, businesses, services, and infrastructure. Advocates continued support. The study recommends measures to strengthen and expand CBI programs, including capacity building in agriculture, support for small businesses, quality assurance, local production, infrastructure development, robust monitoring and evaluation, collaborative efforts, and ongoing research and knowledge dissemination.
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    Oil exploration and property rights in Uganda. A
    (Kampala International University, College of Humanities and social Science, 2023-05) Kibumba, Andrew
    The study was conducted on the Oil exploration and property rights as the study topic which was further broken down into three specific objectives that is to say; To explore how the upstream stage of oil exploration has affected the property rights in the Albertine graben region; To assess how the Midstream stage of oil exploration affects the property rights in the Albertine Graben region and to establish how the preparation for the Downstream stage of oil exploration affects the right of livestock in the Albertine Graben region. The study design that was adopted was a cross-sectional survey design and Additionally, the study also adopted a mixed method approach in data collection, whereby both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used in data collection. Quantitative approach involved the use of questionnaire, while qualitative approach involved collecting data through face-to-face interview and observation. The study population was 2500 with a sample size of 335 respondents. The findings, using the ANOVA table, revealed that there was also a positive significant effect of the Midstream stage of Oil exploration on property rights. The ANOVA table indicated that the downstream stage of exploration negatively affects the property rights of households in the Albertine Graben Region, Uganda. It was recommended that the government must simplify and expedite the process of registering customary land to correspond with the rapid pace of large-scale land acquisitions for extractive industry activities. In particular, mechanisms for the purpose of redressing the imbalances created by history, tradition and custom related to women’s ownership rights of customary land should be put in place.